It is reported that Latvia mandates functional and accounting separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market.

Art. 85 of the Utilities Directive (2014/25/EU) contains provisions allowing contracting public entities to reject foreign goods not covered by any EU international commitments from its tender procedures. In these cases, a tender submitted for the award of a supply contract may be rejected where the proportion of the products originating in third countries exceeds 50% of the total value of the products constituting the tender (Art. 85.2). Additionally, in cases of equivalent offers, the provisions provide for a preference for European tenders and tenders covered by EU's international obligations. In practice, this possibility has rarely been used.
In Latvia, the Directive has been transposed with the Procurement Law for Public Service Providers.

It is reported that some investors perceive a lack of fairness and transparency in Latvian public procurements. Several companies, including foreign firms, have complained that bidding requirements are occasionally drafted with input from potential contractors or are phrased in a way that favours certain "preferred" contractors, thereby excluding others.

It is reported that there are no ban or limits on foreign ownership in Latvia.

According to Art.10 of the National Security Law, on the basis of national security concerns, foreign direct investment (FDI) to obtain influence in commercial companies of significance to national security, as well as to transfer critical infrastructure into possession or ownership of another person, must be approved. This applies to commercial companies registered in Latvia (i) with significance to national security”, as defined in Section 37 of the National Security Law); (ii) national-level critical infrastructure (Category B critical infrastructure, as defined in Section 22.2 (2) of the National Security Law); and (iii) European critical infrastructure (as defined in Section 22.2 (3) of the National Security Law).

Latvia is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

There is no general principle for the use of copyright-protected material comparable to the fair use/fair dealing principles. Directive 2001/29/EC defines an optional but exhaustive set of limitations from the author´s exclusive rights under the control of the “three-step test” in line with the Berne Convention that establishes three cumulative conditions to the limitations and exceptions of a copyright holder’s rights. The Directive has been transposed by Member States with significant freedom.
The Latvian Copyright Law introduces several exceptions to copyright, including use for informational purposes; use for educational and research purposes; use for the needs of libraries, archives and museums; reproduction for the purposes of judicial proceedings; use in a public performance during official or religious ceremonies; temporary reproduction; and parodies or caricatures.

It is reported that Latvia is experiencing serious violations of intellectual property rights (IPR), piracy on the Internet, trans-shipment of pirated optical media and a large volume of hard goods piracy involving pirated optical discs.

Latvia and the European Union have adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty. Latvia acceded to the Treaty on 22 March 2000, with its provisions coming into force on 6 March 2002. Subsequently, the European Union ratified the Treaty on 14 December 2009, and it entered into effect on 14 March 2010.

Latvia and the European Union have adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty. Latvia acceded to the Treaty on 22 March 2000, with its provisions coming into force on 20 May 2002. Subsequently, the European Union ratified the Treaty on 14 December 2009, and it entered into effect on 14 March 2010.

In March 2023, Latvia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs banned TikTok from official mobile phones and other government-issued devices, citing security concerns. The measure, recommended by the ministry's internal security service, was described as preventive. Other Latvian ministries were reported to be considering similar restrictions, aligning with actions taken by the United States, Canada, and the European Commission.

Laos lacks a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that applies to online transactions.

Laos has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.