It is reported that Ghanaian customs practices and port infrastructure continue to pose significant obstacles to trade. Despite the introduction of risk-management approaches by officials, the majority of imports still undergo inspection upon arrival. Reports suggest that between 60%-80% of imports are subject to either physical inspection or scanning, resulting in delays and increased costs for local companies. Additionally, importers report irregular enforcement of customs and other import regulations, prolonged clearance procedures, and instances of corruption. These delays contribute to unnecessary demurrage charges and product deterioration.

Ghana is reported to impose restrictions on foreign participation in the acquisition of 800 MHz spectrum licences for mobile telecommunications services, requiring engagement through a joint venture or consortium with a minimum of 25% Ghanaian ownership. In contrast, between 2016 and 2018, the minimum requirement for indigenous Ghanaian ownership was reported to be 35%.

Ghana is reported to impose restrictions on foreign participation in the acquisition of 800 MHz spectrum licences for mobile telecommunications services, requiring engagement through a joint venture or consortium with a minimum of 25% Ghanaian ownership. In contrast, between 2016 and 2018, the minimum requirement for indigenous Ghanaian ownership was reported to be 35%.

All companies in which there is foreign participation are required to register with the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC). However, the process appears to be transparent and requires only a few days.
On the other hand, Section 28 of the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Act states that, for the sectors open to foreign investment, an entity requires a certain minimum investment capital. In particular:
- For businesses wholly owned by a non-Ghanaian, the minimum relevant investment amount of foreign equity capital of USD 500,000 in either cash or capital goods;
- For a joint enterprise with a partner who is a citizen, the minimum foreign capital investment should be USD 200,000 in cash or capital goods relevant to the investment or a combination of both by way of equity participation. In addition, the partner who is a citizen should not have less than 10% equity participation in the joint enterprise.

Ghana is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

Ghana has a copyright regime under the Copyright Act of 2005. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Arts. 19-21 list the exceptions, which include personal and teaching purposes, reproduction of a single copy of a computer program as a backup, and permitted use of copyright material by a library, among others.

It is reported that IP enforcement in the Ghana is weak, with unreasonable delays in infringement proceedings discouraging rights holders from pursuing claims in local courts.

Ghana has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Ghana has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Ghana does not have a comprehensive framework in place that provides effective protection of trade secrets, but there are limited measures addressing some issues related to them. According to Section 5.1 of the Protection Against Unfair Competition Act of 2000, any act or practice in the course of industrial or commercial activities that results in the disclosure, acquisition or use by another person of secret information (Secret information is defined in Section 5.3) without the consent of the rightful owner of that information and in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices constitutes an act of unfair competition. In addition, pursuant to Section 5.4, any act or practice in the course of industrial or commercial activities is considered an act of unfair competition if it consists or results in unfair commercial use of the secret test or other data, the origin of which involves considerable effort and which has been submitted to a competent authority for the purposes of obtaining approval of the marketing of pharmaceutical or agricultural chemical products which utilise new chemical entities; or the disclosure of such data, except where it is necessary for the protection of the public; and steps are taken to ensure that the data are protected against unfair commercial use.

It is reported that there is an obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in Ghana to deliver telecom services to end users. It is practised in both the mobile and fixed sectors based on commercial agreements.

Ghana reportedly imposes restrictions on foreign participation in the acquisition of 800 MHz spectrum licences for mobile telecommunications services, requiring engagement through a joint venture or consortium with a minimum of 25% Ghanaian ownership. In contrast, between 2016 and 2018, the minimum requirement for indigenous Ghanaian ownership was reported to be 35%.

In April 2021, the government acquired full ownership of Airtel Tigo after Airtel and Millcom, Airtel Togo’s parent companies, announced an exit from the Ghanaian market. The government stated that it temporarily operates the communications company's assets, which served 5.1 million subscribers at the time of the sale. In addition, the government maintains a 30% stake in Vodafone in Ghana after Vodafone acquired the majority stake in the state-owned Ghana Telecom in July 2008.

It is reported that Ghana mandates functional and accounting separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market.

Ghana has appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.