Ecuador is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

Ecuador has a clear regime of exceptions to copyright that follows fair use, which allows the lawful use of copyrighted works by third parties without the need to obtain permission. Art. 211 of the Organic Code of the Social Economy of Knowledge, Creativity and Innovation follows the fair use model for copyright exceptions and establishes five factors for the determination of fair use:
- The purposes and nature of the use;
- The nature of the work;
- The amount and importance of the part used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole;
- The impact of the use on the current and potential market value of the work; and
- The possession and effective exercise of other fundamental rights.
In addition, Ecuador is a member of the Andean Community of Nations and is subject to Decision 351, issued in 1993. Art. 22 of the Decision establishes a list of mandatory exceptions in the domestic market but also allows the adoption of additional exceptions in the domestic law of the members, as long as they comply with the international standards of the so-called three-step test.

Copyright is not adequately enforced online in Ecuador. It is reported that Ecuador continues to lack effective laws and regulations covering IP protection and enforcement. Enforcement of intellectual property rights against widespread counterfeiting and piracy remains weak, both on the Internet and in physical markets. Furthermore, Ecuador is also reportedly a source of unauthorised video recordings. Despite increased enforcement activity, Ecuador reportedly needs to take additional steps to address continuing concerns regarding online piracy.

Ecuador has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Ecuador has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Ecuador is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

It is reported that any economic operator wishing to engage in commercial activity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including foreign trade, must:
- obtain a national identity number (IDNat) from the Ministry responsible for the national economy;
- be registered and enrolled in the Trade and Personal Property Credit Register maintained by the Ministry responsible for justice, as a company or natural person;
- be registered in the index of the National Centre for Statistics and Economic Studies; and
- obtain a unique identifier from the Directorate-General of Taxation.
To carry out import/export operations, the trader must obtain an import/export number from the Ministry responsible for trade, whose relevant services operate outside the Single Window for Business Startups. The import/export number has to be renewed annually. These conditions are the same for DRC nationals and foreigners.

A product covered by a certificate of conformity with the standards or technical regulations in force may still be subject to a conformity check when it is imported into the DRC, unless there is either a mutual recognition agreement or an explicit collaboration between the body that carried out the conformity assessment abroad and the Congolese Control Office (OCC). Even in the case of such an agreement or collaboration, the OCC may carry out the check again if it considers that, among other things, risks of deterioration of the product are possible during its transport.

It is reported that the de minimis threshold, that is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties, is USD 100, below the 200 USD threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).

DRC does not have a legal framework that applies consumer protection to online transactions.

DRC has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

DRC has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

DRC has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

The Democratic Republic of Congo has not joined any free trade agreement committing to open transfers of cross-border data flows.