Database

Browse Database

JORDAN

Reported in 2018, last reported in 2024

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Blocking or filtering of commercial web content
Blocking of commercial web content
The government periodically blocks websites and social media platforms, sometimes without clear justification. Since 2015, authorities have routinely restricted access to messaging apps during the days when secondary school students sit for their national exams (Tawjihi). In December 2022, TikTok was blocked amid protests by truck drivers over fuel price increases; although described as a “temporary ban,” the app reportedly remained inaccessible until the end of 2024. In 2024, hundreds of news websites were reportedly blocked for failing to obtain a license. In August 2023, the LGBT+ dating app Grindr was also reportedly blocked and remained inaccessible through the end of 2024. Widely used VPN services—such as ExpressVPN, Proton VPN, NordVPN, and TunnelBear—were blocked shortly after the social media app Clubhouse became inaccessible in March 2021, and many of these VPNs remained inaccessible as of June 2024. VPNs that allow users to bypass censorship have been targeted repeatedly. According to the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC), by 2023 the total number of blocked websites and apps had reached 300, with several of these blocks reportedly enacted at the request of the Land Transport Regulatory Commission to restrict access to unlicensed rideshare apps.
Coverage Social media, messaging apps, and VPNs

JORDAN

Reported in 2024, last reported in 2025

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Presence of Internet shutdowns
Presence of Internet shutdowns
Internet shutdowns are rare in Jordan, although they have occurred in the past. During 2024, authorities reportedly conducted internet shutdowns amid protests and continued their annual practice of disrupting access to messaging applications during high school exams.
In addition, the indicator "7.2.4 - Government Internet shut down in practice" of the V-Dem Dataset, which measures whether the government has the technical capacity to actively make internet service cease, thus interrupting domestic access to the internet or whether the government has decided to do so, has a score of 3 in Jordan for the year 2024. This corresponds to "Rarely but there have been a few occasions throughout the year when the government shut down domestic access to Internet."
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since December 2004
Since October 1995

Pillar Telecom infrastructure & competition  |  Indicator Licensing restrictions to operate in the telecom market
Instructions Regarding the Application Procedures and Criteria for the Award of Public Telecommunications Individual and Class Licenses
تعليمات شروط وإجراءات منح رخص الاتصالات العامة

Law No. 13 of 1995 on Telecommunications قانون واالتصاالت لسنة 1995
According to Art. 3.2 of the Instructions Regarding Application Procedures and Criteria for Granting Individual and Classified Public Telecommunications Licenses, licenses will be granted to qualified applicants unless there are valid reasons not to do so. These reasons may include national security, safety concerns, technical limitations, scarce resources, and the potential for creating an anti-competitive market environment for public telecommunications services, as outlined in Art. 28 of the Telecommunications Law.
According to Art. 20 of the Telecommunications Law, the establishment, operation, and administration of public telecommunications networks and the provision of public telecommunications services are not permitted unless a license has been obtained from the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC). According to Art. 26, all those wishing to obtain a license shall be given the opportunity to submit their proposals or applications if they meet the conditions specified by the Commission. For this purpose, according to Art. 27, the following documents are needed to be enclosed with an application:
- Acceptable statements illustrating the technical and administrative ability of the applicant to provide the service;
- Acceptable statements illustrating the financial ability of the applicant and the funding sources of the project;
- Bases of pricing of the proposed services and the method of their calculation;
- Types of the proposed services, the geographical area to be covered, and the technology used in the service.
Coverage Telecommunications sector

JORDAN

Since December 2000

Pillar Telecom infrastructure & competition  |  Indicator Signature of the WTO Telecom Reference Paper
WTO Telecom Reference Paper
Jordan has appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.
Coverage Telecommunications sector

JORDAN

N/A

Pillar Telecom infrastructure & competition  |  Indicator Presence of an independent telecom authority
Presence of an independent telecom authority
It is reported that the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC), the executive authority for the supervision and administration of services in the telecommunications sector, is independent from the government in the decision-making process.
Coverage Telecommunications sector

JORDAN

Since September 2023, entry into force in March 2024

Pillar Cross-border data policies  |  Indicator Conditional flow regime
Law No. 24 of 2023 - Personal Data Protection Law
القانون رقم (24) لسنة 2023 قانون حماية البيانات الشخصية
Art. 15 of the Personal Data Protection Law provides that any cross-border transaction of personal information must be transferred to a party that has a sufficient level of data protection. The level of protection afforded to a data recipient is equivalent to that imposed by Jordanian laws and regulations, except in the following cases: judicial cooperation is established under international conventions and treaties; international cooperation in the field of combating crimes; data exchange is essential for patient treatment; data exchange is related to epidemiological and health disasters or public health related to Jordan; the data subject has approved the transfer of data after being made aware that the level of protection outside the jurisdiction is not equivalent to the level imposed by Jordanian laws and regulations; and transfer of funds abroad.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

N/A

Pillar Cross-border data policies  |  Indicator Participation in trade agreements committing to open cross-border data flows
Lack of participation in agreements with binding commitments on data flows
Jordan has not joined any agreement with binding commitments to open transfers of data across borders.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Reported in 2019, last reported in 2025

Pillar Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in sectors relevant to digital trade  |  Indicator Screening of investment and acquisitions
Reported screening of foreign investments
It is reported that, in the interest of national security, foreign investors are required to undergo security screening administered by the Ministry of the Interior, which constitutes an integral part of the registration process.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Reported in 2023, last reported in 2025

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Practical or legal restrictions related to the application process for patents
Reported requirement for local representation of foreign applicants
It is reported that, where the applicant does not reside in Jordan, a patent attorney or patent agent registered to practise before the Office must be appointed. In addition, if the applicant is represented by an agent, the provision of a power of attorney is required.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since June 2017

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Participation in the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
Jordan is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since March 1992, last amended in June 2014

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Copyright law with clear exceptions
Law No. 22 of 1992 on the Protection of Copyright and Neighboring Rights
قانون حماية حق المؤلف والحقوق المجاورة رقم 22 لسنة 1992
Jordan has a copyright regime under Law No. 22 of 1992. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Art. 17 lists the exceptions, which include presenting for educational purposes; employing the work for private personal use; relying on the work for illustration in education; among others
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Reported in 2021, last reported in 2024

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Enforcement of copyright online
Lack of adequate enforcement of copyright online
Although Jordan has made strides in providing more comprehensive protection of intellectual property (IP) rights, significant challenges regarding IP protection and enforcement continue to persist. Reports indicate that both physical and online copyright infringement remain widespread, with a notable proportion of videos and software sold in the marketplace being pirated. Many retail outlets openly sell television set-top boxes that facilitate access to pirated content. The National Library, as the leading IP authority in Jordan, has acknowledged difficulties in combating these infringements, citing a lack of adequate resources.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since April 2004

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Adoption of the WIPO Copyright Treaty
WIPO Copyright Treaty
Jordan has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since May 2004

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Adoption of the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
Jordan has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal

JORDAN

Since May 2000

Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)  |  Indicator Effective protection covering trade secrets
Law No. 15/2000 on Trade Secrets and Unfair Competition Law
قانون المنافسة غير المشروعة والأسرار التجارية رقم 15 لسنة 2000
Jordan has established a legal framework that effectively safeguards trade secrets through Law No. 15/2000 on Trade Secrets and Unfair Competition. Arts. 5 to 7 of this Law delineate fundamental principles concerning the protection of trade secrets. Art. 5 affirms the rights of individuals who lawfully control trade secrets, enabling them to disclose, utilise, and protect these secrets from any form of misuse. Art. 6 characterises the misappropriation of trade secrets as the unauthorised acquisition, use, or disclosure of such secrets in contravention of fair commercial practices. This provision specifies particular violations, including breaches of contract and inducements to violate trust, while clarifying that individual access or reverse engineering does not amount to misuse. Finally, Art. 7 empowers the lawful controller of trade secrets to seek compensation for damages resulting from misuse and to initiate legal actions aimed at halting misuse, seizing misappropriated items, and preserving relevant evidence.
Coverage Horizontal

Report issue     Report new measure