Art. 14 of Law No. 151 of 2020 on Personal Data Protection prohibits the transfer of personal data to a foreign country unless the laws of the foreign country guarantee a minimum level of protection that is equal to the level stipulated by Egyptian law. Moreover, the transfer of data abroad requires an authorisation or a license from the Data Protection Centre. Art. 15 enumerates several specific exceptions to the obligation of Art. 14 subject to the express consent of the person concerned with the data or his representative.

Egypt has not joined any free trade agreement committing to open transfers of cross-border data flows.

Law on the Protection of Personal Data provides a comprehensive regime of data protection in Egypt. The law has similarities with the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) and includes data subject rights, data controller and processor obligations, and strict conditions for data transfers to foreign countries.

Art. 2.1 of the Anti-Cybercrime Law requires every telecommunications service to maintain records (i.e. logs) for 180 consecutive days. These logs should include, among others, information sufficient to identify the user and information related to the content of the operating system dealt with.

According to Art. 16 of the Resolution No. 418 of 2020, issuing the executive regulations for the law regulating the press and media and the Supreme Council for Media Regulation promulgated by Law No. 180 of 2018, licensed media and websites must retain all broadcast materials for no less than one year from the broadcast date. They must also deposit a copy of it to the Supreme Council on a monthly basis. The term media is defined as any terrestrial or satellite television channel or wired, wireless or electronic radio station. The term website is defined as the licensed page, link or electronic application through which press, media or advertising content is provided, whether fixed, animated or multimedia, issued under a specific name, with a specific electronic address and domain, and created, hosted or accessed through the international information network (Internet).

Art. 8 of the Law on the Protection of Personal Data stipulates that data controllers and processors must designate a suitably qualified employee to serve as the data protection officer, who is required to be registered with the Data Protection Centre. Pursuant to Art. 9, the data protection officer is obliged to undertake evaluations and periodic reviews of personal data protection systems, ensure their resilience against breaches, document the outcomes of such assessments, and issue appropriate recommendations to safeguard the data.

Art. 3.5 of Resolution No. 151 stipulates that "The Data Protection Centre shall, upon the request of the national security authorities, notify the controller or processor to amend, delete, not display or provide or handle the personal data, within a specified period of time, according to national security considerations, and the controller or processor shall implement the contents of the notification within the period of time specified therein." It is reported that there are no clear or precise rules as to when the national security authorities can request access to the personal data maintained by the controller/processor. The main requirement is that the request made by the national security authorities to access the personal data must be for the purpose of national security.

The interception of telecommunications in Egypt is permitted under the Telecommunication Regulation Law No. 10 of 2003. The law grants the National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (NTRA) - a body chaired by the ICT minister and composed of government representatives - the authority to regulate ISPs and mobile network operators. Art. 64 of the law requires each operator and provider, at their own expense, to provide within the telecommunication networks licenced to them, all technical possibilities, including equipment, systems, software and communications, to enable the armed forces and national security entities to exercise their powers within the law. This could include capabilities for decrypting encrypted communications. Contravention of this prohibition is a criminal offence punishable by imprisonment and a fine of between EGP 10,000 and 100,000 (approx. 635 and 6350 USD).

Law No. 87 of 2018 Regulating Road Transport Services Using Information Technology, a law passed to regulate ride-sharing apps, requires companies to share user data with authorities “on request” and “according to the law.” Art. 9 states that all land transportation service companies are required to provide the country’s national security agencies with “all their customers’ data”. Requests for data do not need to be accompanied by a warrant, though a decree from the prime minister is required.
Resolution No. 2180 acts as the executive regulation of Law No. 87. According to Art. 10 of the Resolution, ride-sharing companies are to submit to the Ministry of Transportation six months’ worth of “customers’ data” from all rides provided upon request by the Ministry.

Egypt has a copyright regime under the law Law No. 82 of 2002. However, the exceptions in the regime do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Art. 171 lists the exceptions, which include making an analysis of the work, or excerpts or quotations therefrom, for the purpose of criticism, discussion or information; the reproduction, if necessary for teaching purposes in educational institutes, of an article, a short work or extracts therefrom; among others.

It is reported that book, music, and entertainment software piracy is prevalent in Egypt, and that a significant proportion of this piracy occurs online.

Egypt has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Egypt has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

According to Art. 56 of Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, the competent authorities may find it necessary "to protect the public" to require the disclosure of trade secrets (named "undisclosed information" in Egyptian Law). However, the law assures such information remains protected from unfair commercial use (Art. 57).

Egypt does not have a comprehensive framework in place that provides effective protection of trade secrets, but there are limited measures addressing some issues related to them. Arts. 55–61 of Book One of Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights provide some general information about trade secrets. Moreover, Art. 55 defines undisclosed information and Art. 58 defines what constitutes unfair commercial practices and the illicit acquisition and misappropriation of undisclosed information. However, unlike many other jurisdictions, Egyptian law puts a firm onus on the proprietor and/or owner of the undisclosed information to have adequate safeguards against the acquisition of the information. When no such adequate safeguards are judged to have been in place, the owner or proprietor of the undisclosed information is potentially held to also be liable for any illicit acquisition and misappropriation. Art. 57 states that “the person who is lawfully in control of such (undisclosed) information shall not be exempt from liability when others infringe the information unless he proves that he has exerted reasonable and adequate efforts to preserve such information.