It is reported by IP Agency Lasvet that court proceedings for patent litigation are often cumbersome and time-consuming, and that there is a lack of technical know-how on IP issues in the country's court system. This is despite Directive 2004/48/EC on the enforcement of intellectual property rights, which states that Member States shall provide the measures, procedures and remedies necessary to ensure the enforcement of the intellectual property rights covered by this Directive. Those measures, procedures and remedies shall be fair and equitable and shall not be unnecessarily complicated or costly or entail unreasonable time limits or unwarranted delays. Estonia transposed the Directive through a series of amendments to existing legislation in 2006.

Estonia is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

There is no general principle for the use of copyright-protected material comparable to the fair use/fair dealing principles. Directive 2001/29/EC defines an optional but exhaustive set of limitations from the author´s exclusive rights under the control of the “three-step test” in line with the Berne Convention that establishes three cumulative conditions to the limitations and exceptions of a copyright holder’s rights. The Directive has been transposed by Member States with significant freedom.
The Copyright Act grants exceptions under § 17-27 and 75 provided that there is no commercial use of said rights and that the free use does not harm the legitimate right holders.

It is reported that Estonia has one of the highest piracy rates in the EU. At the end of 2022, each internet user in the EU accessed websites offering copyright-infringing content about 10 times per month on average. Estonia, however, had nearly 25 accesses per user per month. Additionally, the computer software market in Estonia faces a severe piracy issue, with reports indicating that over 90% of software is pirated. This includes everything from simple computer-to-computer copying and re-installation to outright piracy of software on CDs and disks.

TikTok was reportedly banned from the work phones of state officials in Estonia in March 2023.

Art. 85 of the Utilities Directive (2014/25/EU) contains provisions allowing contracting public entities to reject foreign goods not covered by any EU international commitments from its tender procedures. In these cases, a tender submitted for the award of a supply contract may be rejected where the proportion of the products originating in third countries exceeds 50% of the total value of the products constituting the tender (Art. 85.2). Additionally, in cases of equivalent offers, the provisions provide for a preference for European tenders and tenders covered by EU's international obligations. In practice, this possibility has rarely been used. In Estonia, the Directive has been transposed with the Public Procurement Act.

The Public Procurement Act (PPA) 2017 § 11.1 provides for a general principle (2) that the contracting authority treats the following entities equally: all persons whose place of residence or seat is in: Estonia, in another Member State of the European Union, in another contracting state of the European Economic Area, or signatory of the WTO Government Procurement Agreement. Therefore, other countries are not given the same treatment.
Moreover, subchapter 3 of the Act stipulates that the contracting authority is not required to apply the rules of the Act if the main purpose of awarding a public contract is to provide or exploit public communications networks or to provide to the public an electronic communications service.

It is reported that Estonia’s government has not set limitations on foreign ownership.

Eritrea does not implement any de minimis threshold, which is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties.

Eritrea does not have any legal provisions regarding consumer protection that are applicable to online commerce.

Eritrea has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Eritrea has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Eritrea has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.