Section 27 of the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Act lists the enterprises which are reserved for citizens. These include the printing of recharge scratch cards for the use of subscribers of telecommunication services.

Ghana is reported to impose restrictions on foreign participation in the acquisition of 800 MHz spectrum licences for mobile telecommunications services, requiring engagement through a joint venture or consortium with a minimum of 25% Ghanaian ownership. In contrast, between 2016 and 2018, the minimum requirement for indigenous Ghanaian ownership was reported to be 35%.

Ghana is reported to impose restrictions on foreign participation in the acquisition of 800 MHz spectrum licences for mobile telecommunications services, requiring engagement through a joint venture or consortium with a minimum of 25% Ghanaian ownership. In contrast, between 2016 and 2018, the minimum requirement for indigenous Ghanaian ownership was reported to be 35%.

All companies in which there is foreign participation are required to register with the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC). However, the process appears to be transparent and requires only a few days.
On the other hand, Section 28 of the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Act states that, for the sectors open to foreign investment, an entity requires a certain minimum investment capital. In particular:
- For businesses wholly owned by a non-Ghanaian, the minimum relevant investment amount of foreign equity capital of USD 500,000 in either cash or capital goods;
- For a joint enterprise with a partner who is a citizen, the minimum foreign capital investment should be USD 200,000 in cash or capital goods relevant to the investment or a combination of both by way of equity participation. In addition, the partner who is a citizen should not have less than 10% equity participation in the joint enterprise.

Germany has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Germany has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Germany has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

According to the DENIC terms of service, §3 (4), ".de" domain holders not domiciled in Germany shall name an authorised representative domiciled in Germany within two weeks of a corresponding request by DENIC.

According to Art. 92 of the Interstate Media Agreement, providers of media intermediaries must designate an authorised recipient in Germany. Furthermore, according to Art. 115 of the law, a broadcaster also commits an administrative offence if it, as the provider of a media intermediary, does not designate an authorised recipient in Germany.

Under Section 5 of Act to Improve Law Enforcement in Social Networks (NetzDG), providers of social networks for which no other Member State is the country of establishment or is considered to be the country of establishment pursuant to Section 2 of the Digital Services Act must appoint an authorised representative in Germany and draw attention to this representative on their platform in an easily recognisable and directly accessible manner.

The Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU provides an updated framework aimed at encouraging online sales. The Directive has been implemented by the "Law to Adapt the Formal Requirements of Private Law to Modern Legal Transactions."

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Services Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
Under §7-10 of the Telemedia Act, there are liability exemptions for intermediaries in cases where these have not actively triggered a transmission, chosen its recipient, where they have no knowledge of illegal content or activities or where they immediately remove related content. This broadens the scope of Art. 14 of the EU E-Commerce Directive, which only refers to "knowledge".

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Services Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
Under §7-10 of the Telemedia Act, there are liability exemptions for intermediaries in cases where these have not actively triggered a transmission, chosen its recipient, where they have no knowledge of illegal content or activities or where they immediately remove related content. This broadens the scope of Art. 14 of the EU E-Commerce Directive, which only refers to "knowledge".

It is reported that Germany imposes an identity requirement for SIM registration. Anyone wanting to purchase a SIM card has to provide their national ID card or a passport in case of foreigners to activate a new prepaid SIM card.

NetzDG establishes broad requirements for dealing with illegal content and user complaints. Under §3 of the law, platform operators have to remove or block manifestly illegal content within 24 hours after receiving a complaint unless otherwise agreed with the competent law enforcement agency. Other illegal content has to be blocked or removed seven days after receiving a complaint unless the decision whether the content is illegal is contingent on the veracity of a factual claim or the provider has put in place an independent body dealing with these claims. These procedures have to respect due process. Providers who receive more than 100 complaints per year have to submit two reports on these procedures each year (§2 NetzDG). The law has faced criticism from various human rights groups, the United Nations and the Council of Europe, among others. Criticisms include the potential undermining of freedom of speech and expression, vague definitions and arbitrary criteria for removal of content, and disproportionate sanctions for failing to comply.