According to Art.10 of the National Security Law, on the basis of national security concerns, foreign direct investment (FDI) to obtain influence in commercial companies of significance to national security, as well as to transfer critical infrastructure into possession or ownership of another person, must be approved. This applies to commercial companies registered in Latvia (i) with significance to national security”, as defined in Section 37 of the National Security Law); (ii) national-level critical infrastructure (Category B critical infrastructure, as defined in Section 22.2 (2) of the National Security Law); and (iii) European critical infrastructure (as defined in Section 22.2 (3) of the National Security Law).

Latvia is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

There is no general principle for the use of copyright-protected material comparable to the fair use/fair dealing principles. Directive 2001/29/EC defines an optional but exhaustive set of limitations from the author´s exclusive rights under the control of the “three-step test” in line with the Berne Convention that establishes three cumulative conditions to the limitations and exceptions of a copyright holder’s rights. The Directive has been transposed by Member States with significant freedom.
The Latvian Copyright Law introduces several exceptions to copyright, including use for informational purposes; use for educational and research purposes; use for the needs of libraries, archives and museums; reproduction for the purposes of judicial proceedings; use in a public performance during official or religious ceremonies; temporary reproduction; and parodies or caricatures.

It is reported that Latvia is experiencing serious violations of intellectual property rights (IPR), piracy on the Internet, trans-shipment of pirated optical media and a large volume of hard goods piracy involving pirated optical discs.

Latvia and the European Union have adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty. Latvia acceded to the Treaty on 22 March 2000, with its provisions coming into force on 6 March 2002. Subsequently, the European Union ratified the Treaty on 14 December 2009, and it entered into effect on 14 March 2010.

As provided in provision 1.2.3 of the Regulation of allocation and management of ".it" domain names, registration of an ".it" domain name is only permitted to persons of legal age who have citizenship, residence or registered office in the countries of the European Economic Area (EEA), the Vatican State, the Republic of San Marino and the Swiss Confederation.

The Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU provides an updated framework aimed at encouraging online sales. The Directive has been implemented by the Consumer Code - Legislative Decree No. 206 of 6 September 2005 - Part III - Title III - Chap I Consumer Rights.

Italy has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Italy has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Italy has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

The EU Directive on Audiovisual Media Services (AVMS) covers traditional broadcasting services as well as audiovisual media services provided on-demand, including via the Internet. Art. 13.1 provides for Member States to secure a minimum 30% share of European works in the catalogues as well as "ensuring prominence" of those works. "Prominence" involves promoting European works by facilitating access to such works using any appropriate means to ensure their prominence. The Directive has been implemented by Member States in different ways, ranging from very extensive and detailed measures to a mere reference to the general obligation to promote European works.
In Italy, the EU Directive was transposed into domestic law through Legislative Decree No. 208. According to Art. 55 of the Decree, catalogues of on-demand audiovisual media service providers under Italian jurisdiction must prominently feature at least 30% European works. Providers are required to ensure that, over the past five years, at least 30% of their catalogue consists of European audiovisual works, excluding those that charge a specific fee for individual programmes. Additionally, at least 50% of the European works quota must be reserved for original Italian works produced by independent producers within the last five years. The regulations referred to in Art. 57 shall stipulate that at least one-fifth of the sub-quota of investment must be reserved for cinematographic works of original Italian expression produced by independent producers in the last five years, regardless of where they were made.

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Services Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
Legislative Decree 09/04/2003 No. 70 transposes Directive 2000/31/EC in Italy.

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Services Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
Legislative Decree 09/04/2003 No. 70 transposes Directive 2000/31/EC in Italy.