It is reported that passive sharing is mandated and is effective in both the mobile and fixed sectors. In addition, Directive 2014/61/EU (Art. 3.2) establishes that Member States shall ensure that, upon written request of an undertaking providing or authorised to provide public communications networks, any network operator must meet all reasonable requests for access to its physical infrastructure under fair and reasonable terms and conditions, including price, with a view to deploying elements of high-speed electronic communications networks. Such written request shall specify the elements of the project for which the access is requested, including a specific time frame.

The Hellenic Telecommunications Organisation S.A. (OTE) is the incumbent telecommunications provider in Greece. Although the company was privatised in 2001 and the Greek state has been gradually reducing its participation in OTE's share capital, it is reported that Greece still owns 7.2% of OTE's share capital.

Greece does not mandate functional separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market. However, accounting separation is a remedy that may be imposed on SMP operators. It is currently imposed on the incumbent and the three mobile operators.

Greece is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

There is no general principle for the use of copyright-protected material comparable to the fair use/fair dealing principles. Directive 2001/29/EC defines an optional but exhaustive set of limitations from the author´s exclusive rights under the control of the “three-step test” in line with the Berne Convention that establishes three cumulative conditions to the limitations and exceptions of a copyright holder’s rights. The Directive has been transposed by Member States with significant freedom.
Almost all the existing limitations in Greek Copyright law are included in the catalogue of limitations of Art. 5 of the Directive.

Art. 25 of Law 4412/2016, which regulates public procurement in Greece, provides that participation in public procurement is reserved for local, EU and European Economic Area (EEA) companies and for companies from third countries that are parties to a relevant treaty with Greece or have ratified the WTO Government Procurement Agreement.

Art. 85 of the Utilities Directive (2014/25/EU) contains provisions allowing contracting public entities to reject foreign goods not covered by any EU international commitments from its tender procedures. In these cases, a tender submitted for the award of a supply contract may be rejected where the proportion of the products originating in third countries exceeds 50% of the total value of the products constituting the tender (Art. 85.2). Additionally, in cases of equivalent offers, the provisions provide for a preference for European tenders and tenders covered by EU's international obligations. In practice, this possibility has rarely been used.
In Greece, the Directive has been transposed with Law No. 4412-Public Works contracts, procurement contracts and Services (adaptation to Directives 2014/24/ OJ and 2014/25/EU).

It is reported that the lack of transparency is a challenge for public procurement procedures in Greece, especially for foreign bidders, including with respect to overly narrow definitions of tenders and implicit biases in favour of local vendors and state-owned enterprises. Moreover, there are reports of complaints that Greece tends to require suppliers to source services and production locally or to partner with Greek manufacturers as a condition for the awarding of some contracts in public procurement.

It is reported that the Greek government has not imposed any restrictions on foreign ownership and investment in sectors relevant for digital trade.

According to the DENIC terms of service, §3 (4), ".de" domain holders not domiciled in Germany shall name an authorised representative domiciled in Germany within two weeks of a corresponding request by DENIC.

According to Art. 92 of the Interstate Media Agreement, providers of media intermediaries must designate an authorised recipient in Germany. Furthermore, according to Art. 115 of the law, a broadcaster also commits an administrative offence if it, as the provider of a media intermediary, does not designate an authorised recipient in Germany.

The Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU provides an updated framework aimed at encouraging online sales. The Directive has been implemented by the "Law to Adapt the Formal Requirements of Private Law to Modern Legal Transactions."

Germany has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.