The cost of registering domain names is three times higher than the average for the Americas region, costing approximately USD 950, which is a potential restriction to engaging in digital trade.

Resolution No. 54/2018 and Resolution No. 42/2020 provide a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that also applies to online transactions. Resolution No. 54/2018 sets out the principles that govern consumer protection in Section 5, the rights afforded to consumers in Section 6, and the general obligations imposed upon suppliers of goods and services in Section 10. Section 3 further states that the protection granted to consumers who engage in electronic commerce is equivalent to the protection offered in other forms of commercial activity. Additionally, Art. 1 of Resolution No. 42/2020 provides that its purpose is to establish provisions relating to electronic commerce, including those concerning consumer rights. Chapter IV is expressly dedicated to the rights of consumers and the obligations of suppliers.

Cuba has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Cuba has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Cuba has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

It is reported that the terms of services of Tuenvio.cu state that payments can be made only through Tranfermóvil and Enzona, two phone applications that can be associated with cards issued by the Central Bank of Cuba, Banco Metropolitano, Banco de Crédito and Commerce and the Popular Savings Bank.

It is reported that, with respect to electronic payment channels (POS, Transfermóvil and Enzona), the maximum daily limit is 30.000 pesos (approx. USD 1.250) and USD 15.000; the per‑transaction limit is likewise 30.000 pesos and USD 15.000; and the number of permitted transactions amounts to 20 per day in national currency and 10 per day in freely convertible currency (MLC).

It is reported that PayPal, as well as debit or credit cards issued by banks in the United States or their subsidiaries, are not accepted in Cuba.

Cuba does not implement any de minimis threshold, which is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties.

According to Art. 8 of Decree-Law 370, the Ministry of Communications issues licenses to providers of services related to the computerisation of Cuba so that they can project, install, maintain and market computer programs and applications according to the conditions set forth in the law.

Resolution No. 127/2019 establishes the regulations governing the organisation, operation, and issuance of operating licences for providers of public internet hosting services in the national territory. Art. 5 provides that the licence is granted by the "Unidad Presupuestada Técnica de Control del Espectro Radioeléctrico del Ministerio de Comunicaciones" (UPTCER).

According to Art. 2 of Resolution No. 153, all entities established in Cuba to carry out export or import activities must be registered in the National Registry of Exporters and Importers.

Chapter 5 of Annex II to Resolution No. 175/2022 stipulates that the Cuban Customs Authority authorises the importation of information and communications technology equipment in specific quantities, permitting up to three computing devices of any type, including a complete desktop microcomputer, a laptop, a tablet PC, an e‑reader or any similar item; up to five mobile telephones, whether basic or smart models; and up to three telecommunications‑related items or network devices, including accessories or peripherals for computing equipment such as mice, keyboards or other comparable components.

Chapter 5 of Annex II to Resolution No. 175/2022 and Section 2 of Resolution No. 272/2015 stipulate that, when imported by legal entities, the following categories of communications equipment require prior authorisation from the Cuban Ministry of Communications (MINCOM): wireless fax machines; wireless microphones and their accessories; data‑network devices such as routers, switches, and similar equipment; radio transmitters and transceivers of any type and service, including fixed, mobile, and personal stations (for example, walkie‑talkies and satellite telephones), together with their components and power amplifiers; wireless telephones operating in frequency bands not authorised by MINCOM; telephone switchboards of all types; wireless access points such as RLAN devices and comparable equipment, except for Wi‑Fi equipment, which is governed by its own specific regulatory framework; professional radio receivers distinct from domestic radio and television sets; satellite earth stations and transmitting and receiving satellite‑communications terminals, including satellite‑television receiving stations, parabolic antennas, their accessories, and portable or other satellite telephones; and equipment intended for the mass transmission of data, text, or voice by wireless means.

According to the Ministry of Communications, a process is implemented that requires a homologation certificate issued after control in testing laboratories in Cuba for ICT goods. Although there is no legal framework establishing the procedures for testing, control and certification of these goods, the Ministry requires companies to pass certain tests to obtain a homologation certificate for each product or service of telecommunication and computer equipment. There are two accredited laboratories in Cuba. The first one performs tropicalisation tests. The second one handles the testing of equipment connected to telecommunications networks that use the spectrum. Through this certification process, the Ministry of Communications regulates and controls the technical and operating specifications of the systems, equipment, and devices to be used in telecommunications and computer networks in order to guarantee the interconnection between public networks, as well as the interoperability of services.