Ethiopia is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Eswatini does not have a legal framework that applies consumer protection to online transactions.

Eswatini has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Eswatini has adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Eswatini has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability beyond copyright infringement is absent in Eswatini's law and jurisprudence.

It is reported that Eswatini imposes an identity requirement for SIM registration. Anyone wanting to purchase a SIM card has to provide their national ID card or a passport in case of foreigners to activate a new prepaid SIM card.

It is reported that during the political unrest in 2021, all social media platforms and online messaging applications on the "MTN eSwatini" network, including Facebook and WhatsApp, were blocked for a duration of about a week and later restored again. "MTN eSwatini" issued a notice to all its subscribers informing them that an order has been issued by the Regulator to restrict these services. MTN eSwatini is a subsidiary of the MTN Group, Africa's leading cellular telecommunications company.

The indicator "6.2.4 - Government Internet shut down in practice" of the V-Dem Dataset, which measures whether the government has the technical capacity to actively make internet service cease, thus interrupting domestic access to the internet or whether the government has decided to do so, has a score of 2 in Eswatini for the year 2023. This corresponds to "The government shut down domestic access to the Internet several times this year."

In accordance with the provisions of Sections 10, 11, 13 and 40 of the Electronic Communications Act, the Minister of Information, Communications, and Technology promulgated the Electronic Communications (Licensing) Regulations and the Electronic Communications (Importation, Type Approval and Distribution of Communications Equipment) Regulations. In accordance with Regulation 16 of the Importation, Type Approval and Distribution of Communications Equipment Regulations, it is unlawful for any individual or entity to supply, import or distribute radio communications equipment unless they have been granted a licence by the Commission as specified in Section 41.1 of the Act. Furthermore, Regulation 4 of the Licensing Regulations empowers the Commission to issue a general licence for the importation, distribution or sale of electronic communications equipment. The Commission may grant any number of licences to an applicant who meets the criteria set out in the application and the general licence conditions.

Eswatini does not have a national self-certification programme but relies on the certificates of conformity supplied by exporting countries. The Eswatini Standards Authority is a member of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Affiliate Country Programme, which allows developing countries to participate in the IEC standardisation activities and conformity assessments as well adopting IEC standards and gazette them as Eswatini national standards.

Eswatini does not implement any de minimis threshold, which is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties.

According to Section 13 of the Domain Name Administration Regulations, the registration of a ".sz" domain name is only available to persons domiciled or corporate bodies registered in the Kingdom of Swaziland. The two-letter abbreviation refers to Swaziland, the country's former name from 1968 to 2018.