Art. 56 of Law No. 27 on Personal Data Protection allows the cross-border transfer of personal data from a controller to a controller and/or processor outside the jurisdiction of Indonesia if the recipient country has an adequate level of protection. If the country is not adequate, the controller must ensure an adequate and binding personal data protection. Alternatively, the controller must obtain the consent of the data subject.

Government Regulation No. 71/2019 mandates that providers of bespoke software must either provide or escrow the source code associated with their services. This requirement has been in effect since the introduction of Government Regulation No. 82/2012, which was later replaced by Regulation No. 71/2019.

Law No. 30 of 2000 provides a framework for effective protection of trade secrets.

It is reported that there is an obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in Indonesia to deliver telecom services to end users.

According to Presidential Regulation No. 10/2021, the telecommunications sector was liberalised, allowing full foreign ownership of telecommunication service providers and telecommunication towers. However, according to Art. 1.2 and 77 of the State-owned Enterprises Act 19/2003, there is a limit of 49% on the shares that can be acquired by foreign investors in government-controlled firms. This includes foreign participation in state-owned entreprisese (SOEs) in the telecommunication sector, as regulated in Government Regulation No. 15/2013, amended by Government Regulation No. 41/2021.

The Government of Indonesia holds a majority equity stake in the telecommunications company Telkom Indonesia, owning approximately 52% of its shares.

Indonesia mandates functional and accounting separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market.

Indonesia has appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.

It is reported that Indonesia lacks a telecommunications authority whose decision-making process is independent of the government. In general, matters relating to telecommunications are regulated and supervised by the Ministry of Communication and Digital.

The Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation No. 40/2012 specified 19 positions that are reserved for Indonesian nationality only, ranging from Chief Executive Officer to various directors, managers, and supervisors positions within a company.

Pursuant to Art. 24 of the Trade Act and Art. 5 of the Limited Liability Company Act, all exporters and importers are subject to a licence issued by the government, which is subject to a commercial presence requirement.

The Ministry of Communications and Informatics issued Circular Letter No. 3/2016 on 31 March 2016, establishing the regulatory framework for the delivery of application and content services via the Internet, commonly referred to as Over the Top (OTT) Services. The Circular categorises OTT Services into two main types. The first, OTT Application Services, involves the use of internet protocol-based telecommunications networks to provide functions such as text messaging, voice and video calls, online chatting, financial transactions, data storage, gaming, social networking, and related services. The second, OTT Content Services, encompasses the provision of digital information in formats such as text, sound, images, animations, videos, music, films, and games, delivered via streaming or downloads over telecommunications networks.
According to Section 5.3 of the Circular, foreign individuals or business entities may provide OTT Services only if they establish a Permanent Business Entity in Indonesia, in compliance with the country’s prevailing tax regulations. Furthermore, the Circular imposes specific obligations on OTT Service Providers, including the mandatory use of Indonesia’s National Payment Gateway and Indonesian internet protocol numbers (Sections 5.5.5 and 5.5.6).

In March 2022, the government of Indonesia issued President Instruction No. 22/2022, mandating all government agencies to spend at least 40% of their budget on local products produced by SMEs. According to the regulation, the objective is to increase the use of local products to support the "Proud of Using Products Made in Indonesia" campaign. The regulation entered into force on 30 March 2022.

Indonesia is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). However, the country does not consider itself bound by Art. 59 related to disputes.

Indonesia's 2012 Defence Law and Presidential Regulation 76/2014 prioritise the use of local materials and components by defence agencies, emphasising the procurement of locally produced goods and services whenever possible. Additionally, in cases where Indonesian government entities procure from foreign defence suppliers due to local supply limitations, regulations mandate "trade balancing" offsets. These offsets can include incorporating local content, production offsets, technology transfer, or a combination of these measures.