Database

Browse Database

MYANMAR

Since 2014

Pillar Technical standards applied to ICT goods and online services  |  Indicator Self-certification for product safety
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 28/2014 on Law on standardisation (မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ စံချိန်စံညွှန်း ဥပဒေ ၂၈/၂၀၁၄)
The Law on Standardisation Art. 9 allows foreign departments or organisations to issue a certificate of standard certification and quality recommendation by applying to the department assigned to perform in the matter of standardisation by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Since June 2024

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Restrictions on online payments
Letter No. Ma Ba Bha-1/107 (939/2024) of the Central Bank of Myanmar
Section 3 of Letter No. Ma Ba Bha-1/107 (939/2024), issued by the Central Bank of Myanmar, stipulates the transaction limits applicable to government and private payments conducted through digital payment systems for retail transactions, namely that person-to-person (P2P) payments are subject to a maximum of MMK 1,000,000 (approx. USD 476) per transaction and an aggregate daily limit of MMK 5,000,000 (approx. USD 2,381); person-to-merchant (P2M) payments, including those involving gold shops, electronics retailers, construction material suppliers, and healthcare centres, are subject to a maximum permissible amount of MMK 10,000,000 (approx. USD 4,762) per day; and the maximum balance permitted in a mobile money account is MMK 10,000,000 (approx. USD 4,762), with any excess required to be transferred to a linked bank account on a daily basis.
Coverage Digital payments

MYANMAR

Since January 2016
Since December 2017, entry into force in August 2018

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Restrictions on online payments
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 20/2016 on Financial Institutions Law

Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 29/2017 on Myanmar Companies Act
According to Art. 26 of the Financial Institutions Law, only local banks are allowed to take part in banking and financial services, including online banking and financial services.
Coverage Financial sector

MYANMAR

Reported in 2022, last reported in 2025

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Restrictions on online payments
Reported foreign exchange restrictions
It is reported that the Central Bank of Myanmar (CBM) imposes foreign exchange restrictions that limit private sector access to foreign currency, thereby constraining commercial activity. In practice, the transfer of funds into or out of Myanmar is subject to severe restrictions arising from the capital outflow controls and foreign currency conversion regulations enforced by the CBM and the Foreign Exchange Supervisory Committee (FESC).
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Reported in 2023, last reported in 2026

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Threshold for ‘De Minimis’ rule
Low de minimis threshold
It is reported that the de minimis threshold, that is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties, is USD 87, below the 200 USD threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Last reported in 2026

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Restrictions on domain names
Reported restriction on domain registration
It is reported that certain requirements apply to the registration of a ".mm" domain. However, the information currently available online relates to the second-level domains ".com.mm", ".net.mm", ".org.mm", and ".biz.mm". To register a domain under these extensions, the registrant is required to have a company or subsidiary incorporated in Myanmar.
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Since March 2019, entry into force in March 2019
Since April 2004, last amended in February 2021

Pillar Online sales and transactions  |  Indicator Framework for consumer protection applicable to online commerce
Consumer Protection Law (Law No. 9/2019) (စာားသ ားသူကာကွယ်ရ ားဥပရေ)

Law on Electronic Transactions (Law No. 5/2004) (အီလက်ထရောနစ် ဆက်သွယ်ဆောင်ရွက်ရေးဥပဒေ (နိုင်ငံတော်အေးချမ်းသာယာရေးနှင့် ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးကောင်စီ ဥပဒေအမှတ် ၅/ ၂၀၀၄))
The Consumer Protection Law, the Law on Electronic Transactions, and related legislative instruments establish a comprehensive framework for consumer protection, which extends to transactions conducted online.
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Reported in 2021, last reported in 2025

Pillar Intermediary liability  |  Indicator User identity requirement
Identity requirement for SIM cards
It is reported that Myanmar’s approach to SIM registration obliges mobile network operators to collect and store users’ personal information, including proof of identity. Furthermore, it is reported that Myanmar requires the submission of biometric data for SIM registration, encompassing both fingerprint and facial recognition data. Failure to register a SIM card results in its deactivation.
Coverage Mobile network operators

MYANMAR

Since January 2025, entry into force in July 2025

Pillar Intermediary liability  |  Indicator Monitoring requirement
Cybersecurity Law (Law No. 1/2025) (ဆိုက်ဘာလုံခြုံရေးဥပဒေ)
Section 31 of the Cybersecurity Law provides that digital platform service providers are required to implement adequate measures to identify relevant information and associated cyber resources in circumstances where particular categories of content arise on their platforms, including material that incites hatred, undermines unity, or disrupts public peace and order; disseminates false news or rumours; is unsuitable for public viewing; contains sexually explicit depictions, including those involving children; contravenes any law in force or involves the commission of unlawful acts; gives rise to complaints concerning intended social or economic harm to an individual; infringes intellectual property rights; or relates to the incitement, commission, attempted commission, or facilitation of terrorist acts. Section 32 further stipulates that, where a digital platform service provider becomes aware of such conduct, whether independently or upon notification by the relevant Department, it must, within the prescribed timeframe, take appropriate steps to prevent, remove, destroy, or suspend the offending content or activity. Pursuant to Section 4, “digital platform services” are defined as a category of business that provides services enabling users to display, transmit, disseminate, or otherwise utilise information online through cyber resources or analogous technologies and associated equipment, while a “digital platform service provider” refers to any person or organisation that offers such services for use within the State. These provisions have been reported as imposing obligations on digital platforms, such as Facebook, effectively requiring them to monitor, identify, and remove broadly and imprecisely defined categories of content.
Coverage Digital platform service providers

MYANMAR

Reported in 2021, last reported in 2025

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Blocking or filtering of commercial web content
Reported cases of blocking of commercial web content
It is reported that instances of the blocking of commercial web content in Myanmar were ongoing as of 2025:
- In 2021, the Ministry of Communications of Myanmar issued orders to block Facebook on 3 February, followed by Instagram and X on 5 February.
- The government blocked WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger in Myanmar beginning on 16 February 2024.
- Signal was blocked in Myanmar beginning on 14 July 2024.
Coverage Facebook, Instagram, X, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger and Signal

MYANMAR

Reported in 2021, last reported in 2026

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Presence of Internet shutdowns
Presence of Internet shutdowns
The indicator "7.2.4 - Government Internet shut down in practice" of the V-Dem Dataset, which measures whether the government has the technical capacity to actively make internet service cease, thus interrupting domestic access to the internet or whether the government has decided to do so, has a score of 1 in Myanmar for the year 2025. This corresponds to "The government shut down domestic access to the Internet numerous times this year."
It is reported that since the military coup in February 2021, the military has frequently restricted connectivity by ordering internet shutdowns, slowdowns, and blocks while threatening service providers to ensure their compliance. The internet shutdown came in various forms: i) the nationwide cut-off of mobile data and fixed-line internet access; ii) nightly shutdowns affecting fixed-line (fibre-optic and cable) connectivity. Although the internet was on during the day in this period, users reported frequent short-term outages and slow speeds nationwide; iii) shut down public Wi-Fi connections; iv) shut down wireless broadband internet services indefinitely. Under orders from the military-controlled Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Transport and Communications has significant powers to cut off the internet without oversight or safeguards, as it controls much of the telecommunications infrastructure via the state-owned company Myanmar Posts and Telecommunications.
Coverage Horizontal

MYANMAR

Since March 2014

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Licensing schemes for digital services and applications
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 13/2014 on Printing and Publishing Law
The Myanmar Printing and Publishing Law created the licensing regime for publishing houses, news agencies, and websites, and these outlets must register prior to producing content, including for publishing online.
Coverage Publishing houses, news agencies, and websites

MYANMAR

Since January 2025, entry into force in July 2025

Pillar Content access  |  Indicator Licensing schemes for digital services and applications
Cybersecurity Law (Law No. 1/2025) (ဆိုက်ဘာလုံခြုံရေးဥပဒေ)
Section 44 of the Cybersecurity Law stipulates that any entity seeking to establish a virtual private network (VPN) or to provide VPN services within the national cyberspace must obtain authorisation from the Ministry in accordance with the prescribed procedures.
Coverage Virtual private networks

MYANMAR

Since October 2013, last amended in August 2017

Pillar Quantitative trade restrictions for ICT goods and online services  |  Indicator Other import restrictions, including non-transparent/discriminatory import procedures
The Telecommunications Law (The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 31, 2013) (ဆက္သြယ္ေရးဥပေဒ (၂၀၁၃ ခုနွစ္၊ ၿပည္ေထာင္စုဥပေဒလႊတ္ေတာ္ဥပေဒအမွတ္ ၃၁။))
According to Arts. 26-70 of the Telecommunication Law mandates that importers of telecommunications equipment get an import license from the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology.
Coverage Telecom equipment

MYANMAR

Reported in 2023, last reported in 2025

Pillar Quantitative trade restrictions for ICT goods and online services  |  Indicator Other import restrictions, including non-transparent/discriminatory import procedures
Reported import licensing restrictions
It is reported that the government’s onerous import licensing regime constrains firms’ ability to import intermediate goods required for domestic production. Imports into Myanmar are contingent upon obtaining one of a limited number of licences, the requirements for which are subject to frequent change.
Coverage Horizontal

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