Law No. 58 on Personal Information provides a comprehensive regime of data protection in the Kyrgyz Republic. The Law provides general requirements for data controllers and processors. There is not yet a data protection authority and thus there has yet to be any enforcement action related to the data protection or further guidance on compliance.

Section 15 of the "Instruction on the Procedure for Interaction of Telecommunication Operators and Mobile Cellular Operators with State Bodies of the Kyrgyz Republic Carrying Out Operational-Search Activities" requires ISPs and mobile service providers to store subscribers’ metadata for up to three years.

Pursuant to Art. 25 of the Law No. 58 on Personal Information, the cross-border transfer of personal data is permitted in the case where a personal data holder located within the Kyrgyz jurisdiction transfers such databases on the basis of an international agreement between the parties, according to which the receiving party provides an adequate level of protection of the rights and freedoms of personal data subjects. If a certain country does not provide an adequate level of protection of personal data, personal data may be transferred in the following cases:
- with the consent of a data subject for such transfer;
- where such a transfer is necessary for the protection of a data subject's interest; or
- where personal data is contained in a publicly available array of personal data.
It should be emphasized that in the case of transferring personal data via the internet, the personal data holder transferring such data shall ensure that data is transferred with the necessary means of protection.

The Kyrgyz Republic has not joined any agreement with binding commitments to open transfers of data across borders.

The Ministry of Digital Development's Service for the Regulation and Supervision of the Communications Sector is the telecommunications authority of the Kyrgyz Republic. It is reported that its decision-making process is not independent of the government.

The Kyrgyz Republic does not mandate functional or accounting separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market.

The Regulation on Licensing of Activities in the Field of Electric and Postal Communications governs the procedure for issuance, reissuance, suspension, renewal and cancellation of licenses for activities in the field of electronic communications. The regime is generally non-discriminatory although the licensing regime for Kyrgyztelecom Open Joint Stock Company (Kyrgyz Telecom OJSC) has some potentially restrictive obligations contained in Law No. 31 on Electric Communication. Art. 13 of this law designates Kyrgyz Telecom OJSC as a national telecommunications operator and provider of public telecommunications services and defines obligations and rights that Kyrgyz Telecom's licence must contain. Among these are the obligation to: (i) provide public telecommunications services to any person in any part of the Kyrgyz Republic where it is technically or economically possible and to justify the refusal or inability to provide services; (ii) develop a public telecommunications network; and (iii) manage national long-distance and international telecommunications services. The licence must also establish a procedure for regulating prices for the use of networks and services provided by Kyrgyz Telecom on an exclusive basis. While Kyrgyz Telecom is currently a state-owned enterprise, Art. 16 extends these obligations also to private entities that would participate in the privatisation of Kyrgyz Telecom or other public telecommunications network operator or public telecommunications service provider owned or controlled by the state.

The Kyrgyz Republic has appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.

There is an obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in the country to deliver telecom services to end users. It is practiced in the mobile sector and in the fixed sector based on commercial agreements.

The government owns shares in certain telecom companies. In particular, Alfa Telecom is fully owned by the State of Kyrgyzstan, while for Kyrgyztelecom Open Joint Stock Company (Kyrgyz Telecom OJSC) the ownership structure consists of 77.8% owned by the Ministry of Digital Development, 12.5% by the Social Fund and the remaining shares are owned by private individuals and entities.

Kyrgyz Republic has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Art. 11.2 of the Law No. 27 of the Kyrgyz Republic states that State control and law enforcement bodies have the right to familiarize themselves with the information considered to be commercial secrets within the limits of their competence in accordance with the powers of control and supervision granted to them by law. Access to commercial secrets is provided to the financial intelligence agency in accordance with the laws of the Kyrgyz Republic in the field of combating the financing of terrorist activity and the legalization (laundering) of criminal proceeds.
Nevertheless, Art. 11.3 and Art. 11.4 establish that obtaining documents containing information considered to be commercial secrets shall be carried out only with the sanction of the prosecutor or his/her deputy and in accordance with the procedure agreed with the head of the relevant institution. Obtaining documents is carried out according to the reasoned decision of the investigator. Officials of these bodies shall be held liable as provided by law for disclosing information constituting a commercial secret of an economic entity.

Law No. 27 of the Kyrgyz Republic provides a framework for effective protection of trade secrets.

It is reported that IPR enforcement is lax and there have been no successful prosecution for IPR violations in the history of the Kyrgyz Republic. It is also reported that the judicial system remains underdeveloped and lacks independence and the appeals process can be lengthy.

Kyrgyz Republic has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.