CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Reported in 2017, 2020
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Enforcement of copyright online
Lack of adequate enforcement of copyright online
Copyright is not adequately enforced online in the CAR. It is reported that the Central African market is flooded with piracy in the area of online music, and more generally authorities do not have the resources to enforce IPRs in the country.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
N/A
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Signature of the WIPO Copyright Treaty
Lack of signature of the WIPO Copyright Treaty
The CAR has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since January 1978
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Participation in the Patent Cooperation Treaty
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
The CAR is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since March 1977, as amended in December 2015, entry into force in November 2020
Since January 1985
Since January 1985
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Copyright law with clear exceptions
Bangui Agreement Relating to the Creation of an African Intellectual Property Organization, Constituting a Revision of the Agreement Relating to the Creation of an African and Malagasy Office of Industrial Property (Bangui (Central African Republic), 2 March 1977) (Accord de Bangui relatif à la création d'une Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle, constituant révision de l'Accord relatif à la création d'un Office Africain et Malgache de la Propriété Industrielle (Bangui (République centrafricaine), le 2 mars 1977)
Ordinance No. 85.002 of 5 January 1985 on Copyrights (Ordonnance No. 85.002 du 5 janvier 1985 sur le droit d'auteur)
Ordinance No. 85.002 of 5 January 1985 on Copyrights (Ordonnance No. 85.002 du 5 janvier 1985 sur le droit d'auteur)
The Revised Bangui Agreement is a regional intellectual property law that is not only a regional convention applicable in all member states but also serves as a national intellectual property law in Central African Republic and each of the other member states. The Revised Bangui Agreement contains provisions on copyright in Annex VII: Chapter IV (Limitations to Economic Rights) and establishes a regime of copyright exceptions, which enables the lawful use of copyrighted work by others without obtaining permission. In addition, Chapter II of Ordinance No. 85.002 also provides for limitations on copyright.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since February 1999, entry into force in February 2002, last amended in December 2015
Since December 2019, entry into force in March 2020
Since December 2019, entry into force in March 2020
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Practical or legal restrictions related to the application process for patents
Bangui Agreement Relating to the Creation of an African Intellectual Property Organization, Constituting a Revision of the Agreement Relating to the Creation of an African and Malagasy Office of Industrial Property (Bangui (Central African Republic), 2 March 1977) (Accord de Bangui relatif à la création d'une Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle, constituant révision de l'Accord relatif à la création d'un Office Africain et Malgache de la Propriété Industrielle (Bangui (République centrafricaine), le 2 mars 1977)
Regulations on the profession of Authorised Agent before the African Intellectual Property Organisation (Règlement sur la profession de Mandataire agréé auprès de l'Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle)
Regulations on the profession of Authorised Agent before the African Intellectual Property Organisation (Règlement sur la profession de Mandataire agréé auprès de l'Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle)
According to the Bangui Agreement, ratified by 17 French-speaking States, including Central African Republic, applicants resident outside the territory of the member States must file through an agent selected in one of those member States (Section III, Art. 8). The professional status of agent accredited to the African Intellectual Property Organisation (OAPI) is governed by the Regulations on the Profession of Authorised Agent before the OAPI.
Coverage Horizontal
Sources
- https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text/582620
- http://www.oapi.int/Ressources/reglement_mandataire/REGLEMENT_PROFESSION_MANDATAIRE.pdf
- http://www.droit-afrique.com/images/textes/Afrique/OAPI/OAPI%20-%20Guide%20depot%20brevet.pdf
- https://pctlegal.wipo.int/eGuide/view-doc.xhtml?doc-code=CF&doc-lang=en#GENERAL%20INFO
- Show more...
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since January 2014
Pillar Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in sectors relevant to digital trade |
Sub-pillar Screening of investment and acquisitions
Revised Uniform Act on the Law of Commercial Companies and Economic Interest Groups (Acte uniforme révisé relatif au droit des sociétés commerciales et du groupement d'intérêt économique)
According to the Revised Uniform Act on the Law of Commercial Companies and Economic Interest Groups, adopted by the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA), and directly applicable and binding in Central African Republic, the amount of the share capital is freely determined by the partners. However, the Uniform Act sets a minimum share capital of 10,000,000 CFA Francs (approx. USD 16,800) for certain companies (Arts. 65 and 387).
Coverage Horizontal
Sources
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since December 2016
Pillar Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in sectors relevant to digital trade |
Sub-pillar Screening of investment and acquisitions
Law No. 16.006 of December 30, 2016 on the Commercial Code in CAR (Loi No. 16.006 du 30 décembre 2016 portant Code du commerce en RCA)
According to Art. 4 of Law No. 16-006 on the Commercial Code in the CAR, any commercial company with foreign capital should have prior approval unless its head office is established in the CAR and at least 51% of the capital is effectively or indirectly held by natural persons of Central African nationality. Art. 17 stipulates that: if the planned activity is subject to specific regulations, authorization can only be given after a favorable technical opinion from the Ministry responsible for the activity.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since January 2014
Pillar Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in sectors relevant to digital trade |
Sub-pillar Nationality/residency requirement for directors or managers
Revised Uniform Act on the Law of Commercial Companies and Economic Interest Groups (Acte uniforme révisé relatif au droit des sociétés commerciales et du groupement d'intérêt économique)
According to Art. 103 of the Revised Uniform Act relating to the Law of Commercial Companies and Economic Interest Groups of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA) applied by the CAR, the founders of companies must be domiciled in one of the States Parties. OHADA includes 17 countries, namely Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Guinea, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
N/A
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Signatory of the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA)
Lack of participation in the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA)
CAR is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) nor does it have observer status.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Since June 2008
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Other limitations on foreign participation in public procurement
Law No. 08-017 of June 6, 2008 on the Public Procurement Code in the CAR (Loi No. 08- 017 du 6 juin 2008 portant sur le Code des marchés publics en RCA)
According to Law No. 08-017 on the Public Procurement Code in CAR, when awarding a public contract or a public service delegation, preference may be given to the bid submitted by a company with its head office in the Central African Republic. Firms having their registered office in a CEMAC Member State may benefit from the above-mentioned preference rules. This margin of preference, quantified as a percentage of the amount of the bid, may in no case exceed 15% for national firms and 10% for firms having their headquarters in CEMAC countries (Art. 64).
Moreover, a contract applicant who plans to subcontract at least 30% of the total value of the contract to a company in a CEMAC member state may be granted a margin of preference not exceeding 5%, which may be added to the preference referred to in Art. 64 of this law (Art. 26). This applies to contracts for a local authority or one of its public establishments.
Moreover, a contract applicant who plans to subcontract at least 30% of the total value of the contract to a company in a CEMAC member state may be granted a margin of preference not exceeding 5%, which may be added to the preference referred to in Art. 64 of this law (Art. 26). This applies to contracts for a local authority or one of its public establishments.
Coverage Horizontal
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
N/A
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on ICT goods |
Sub-pillar Participation in the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) and 2015 expansion (ITA II)
Lack of participation in Information Technology Agreement (ITA) and in ITA Expansion Agreement (ITA II)
Central Africa Republic is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).
Coverage ICT goods
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
ITA signatory?
I
II
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on ICT goods |
Sub-pillar Effective tariff rate to ICT goods (applied weighted average)
Effective tariff rate to ICT goods (applied weighted average)
13.4%
Coverage rate of zero-tariffs on ICT goods (%)
4.63%
Coverage: Digital goods
CAMEROON
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signature
Lack of adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures
Cameroon has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.
Coverage Horizontal
CAMEROON
Since May 2011
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Framework for consumer protection applicable to online commerce
Legislation Framework law No. 2011/012 of May 6, 2011 on consumer protection in Cameroon (Législation Loi-cadre No.2011/012 du 6 mai 2011 portant protection du consommateur au Cameroun)
Legislation Framework law No. 2011/012 of May 6, 2011 on consumer protection in Cameroon provides a comprehensive consumer protection framework that applies to online transactions.
Coverage Horizontal
CAMEROON
Since October 2015, entry into force in May 2018
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Ratification of the UN Convention of Electronic Communications
UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts
Cameroon has signed and ratified the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.
Coverage Horizontal