The Czech Republic has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

The European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides a comprehensive framework for data protection that applies to all EU Member States. The Personal Data Processing Act transposes the GDPR.

Under the EU Directive on Data Retention, operators were required to retain certain categories of traffic and location data (excluding the content of those communications) for a period between six months and two years and to make them available, on request, to law enforcement authorities for the purposes of investigating, detecting and prosecuting serious crime and terrorism. On 8 April 2014, the Court of Justice of the European Union declared the Directive invalid. However, not all national laws that implemented the Directive have been overturned.
In the Czech Republic, Sections 97.3 and 97.4 of the Electronic Communications Acts provide data retention requirements. It requires electronic communications services to keep 'data packets' (including information on each telephone connection, text message, internet connection or email correspondence) of all clients for a period of six months.
The Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, in March 2011, judged Sections 97.3 and 97.4 of the Electronic Communications Act to be unconstitutional. However, the data retention regime has remained in place in spite of the Constitutional Court’s reservation. Moreover, in its judgment of 2019, the Constitutional Court concluded that, in fact, a period of six months is not a manifestly disproportionate period and validated the Czech legislation.

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
The Act on Some Services of Information implements the e-Commerce Directive into Czech law, incorporating mere conduit (Art. 3), caching (Art. 4) and hosting safe harbours (Art. 5), and prohibition of general monitoring obligation (Art. 6).

The Directive 2000/31/EC (E-Commerce Directive) is the legal basis governing the liability of Internet Services Providers (ISPs) in the EU Member States and includes a conditional safe harbour. Not all Member States have transposed the relevant articles consistently, leading to divergent national case law that could cause legal insecurity on an EU level.
The Act on Some Services of Information implements the e-Commerce Directive into Czech law, incorporating mere conduit (Art. 3), caching (Art. 4) and hosting safe harbours (Art. 5), and prohibition of general monitoring obligation (Art. 6).

Art. 17 of Directive 2019/790 on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (DSM Directive) mandates that providers of content-sharing services seek authorisation from rights holders and implement technical solutions to remove and prevent unauthorised uploads by their users (so-called upload filters), under penalty of losing their liability safe harbour. Further arrangements are envisaged for complaints and dispute resolution mechanisms. Such upload filters are reported to be a significant cost for online platforms. Graduated exemptions are expected to be put in place for new providers active in the EU for less than three years with a turnover under EUR 10 million and with fewer than five million users. The provision is subject to a challenge in the Court of Justice by Poland (C-401/19).
To implement Directive 2019/790, the Parliament has adopted the Act No. 429/2022 Coll., therefore making online content-sharing service providers partially liable for copyright violations on their platforms.

The EU Directive on Audiovisual Media Services (AVMS) covers traditional broadcasting services as well as audiovisual media services provided on-demand, including via the Internet. Art. 13.1 provides for Member States to secure a minimum 30% share of European works in the catalogues as well as "ensuring prominence" of those works. "Prominence" involves promoting European works by facilitating access to such works using any appropriate means to ensure their prominence. The Directive has been implemented by Member States in different ways, ranging from very extensive and detailed measures to a mere reference to the general obligation to promote European works.
In the Czech Republic, the EU Directive was transposed into domestic law through the amendment of the Act on On-Demand Audiovisual Media Services of August 2022 (242/2022 Coll.). According to Section 7 of the Act, on-demand audiovisual media service providers must allocate at least 30% of the total number of programmes in their catalogues to European works and ensure these works are prominently featured. Notably, news programmes, sports events, and competition programmes are excluded from the total number of programmes used to calculate the share of European works.

It is reported that, pursuant to Czech tax and financial record legislation, VAT invoices issued under Act No. 235/2004 Coll., the VAT Act, must be stored within the territory of the Czech Republic. However, storage abroad is permitted provided that immediate remote access is ensured. In such cases, the tax authorities must be notified in advance of the storage location.

It is reported that foreign persons or entities may conduct business activity under the same conditions as Czechs.  Foreign entities have to register their permanent branches in the Czech Commercial Register, and there are no limits on foreign ownership.

The Foreign Investment Screening Act targets foreign investors whose ultimate beneficial owner is from non-EU countries and who acquire at least 10% of voting rights or substantial control over a Czech company in a sector vital to the security, public, or internal order of the Czech Republic (Art. 5). According to Art. 8, foreign investments in sectors involving selected dual-use goods or critical infrastructure, including critical information infrastructure, that could endanger national security or public order, require mandatory authorisation from the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) before the investment is completed. The screening process lasts 90 days, and if a national security risk is identified, the Czech government has an additional 45 days to decide whether to approve, conditionally approve, or prohibit the transaction (Art. 13).

The Czech Republic is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

The Czech Copyright Act has no general fair use/fair dealing but Arts. 29-39 of the Act provide an exhaustive list of exceptions and limitations of copyright, which, in certain specific cases, allow the general public to use works without the author’s consent. Directive 2001/29/EC defines an optional but exhaustive set of limitations from the author´s exclusive rights under the control of the “three-step test” in line with the Berne Convention that establishes three cumulative conditions to the limitations and exceptions of a copyright holder’s rights. The Directive has been transposed by Member States with significant freedom.

Copyright protection is not adequately enforced online in the Czech Republic. Although business software piracy rates are reportedly declining, the entertainment software industry continues to face significant problems, particularly due to delays in criminal enforcement proceedings. Reports indicate that offences involving copyright, related rights, and database rights in the digital environment persist, notably through the use of data repositories. In particular, the unauthorised distribution of films, music, software, book publications, and authors’ texts remains widespread.

The Czech Republic and the European Union have adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty. The Czech Republic acceded to the Treaty on 10 October 2001, with its provisions coming into force on 6 March 2002. Subsequently, the European Union ratified the Treaty on 14 December 2009, and it entered into effect on 14 March 2010.

The Czech Republic and the European Union have adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty. The Czech Republic acceded to the Treaty on 10 October 2001, with its provisions coming into force on 20 May 2002. Subsequently, the European Union ratified the Treaty on 14 December 2009, and it entered into effect on 14 March 2010.