EL SALVADOR
Since August 2006
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Participation in the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
El Salvador is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
Since August 1993
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Copyright law with clear exceptions
Intellectual Property Law (Ley de Propiedad Intelectual)
El Salvador has a copyright regime under the Intellectual Property Law. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Art. 44 lists the exceptions, which include activities carried out in family circles without lucrative purposes, of general utility, of didactic purposes, those used for people with disabilities, for commercial demonstrations, and those with charitable purposes.
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
Reported in 2018
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Enforcement of copyright online
Lack of adequate enforcement of copyright online
El Salvador has reportedly undertaken legislative reforms that provide for greater protection and enforcement of intellectual property (IP). However, several concerns persist, including music trafficking, video piracy, and the use of unlicensed software.
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
Since March 2002
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Adoption of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty
WIPO Copyright Treaty
El Salvador has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
Since May 2002
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Adoption of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonogram Treaty
WIPO Performances and Phonogram Treaty
El Salvador has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
Since August 1993, as amended in January 2017
Pillar Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) |
Sub-pillar Effective protection covering trade secrets
Intellectual Property Law (Ley de Propiedad Intelectual)
The Intellectual Property Law provides a framework for the effective protection of trade secrets. Title IV of the Intellectual Property Law (Art. 177 and following) regulates the protection of industrial or commercial secrets and evidence data.
Coverage Horizontal
EL SALVADOR
N/A
Pillar Telecom infrastructure & competition |
Sub-pillar Passive infrastructure sharing obligation
Lack of obligation to share passive infrastructure
It is reported that there is no obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in El Salvador to deliver telecom services to end users. However, it is practised in both the mobile and fixed sectors based on commercial agreements.
Coverage Telecommunications sector
EL SALVADOR
N/A
Pillar Telecom infrastructure & competition |
Sub-pillar Functional/accounting separation for operators with significant market power
Lack of mandatory functional separation for dominant network operators
El Salvador does not mandate functional separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market. However, it is reported that there has been an obligation of accounting separation since 1998. According to Art. 25 of the Telecommunications Law Regulations, in order to ensure the allocation of differentiated costs for the establishment of the maximum values of basic interconnection charges and basic rates for fixed and mobile telephony, operators must keep separate accounts.
Coverage Telecommunications sector
EL SALVADOR
ITA signatory?
I
II
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) goods |
Sub-pillar Effective tariff rate on ICT goods (applied weighted average)
Effective tariff rate to ICT goods (applied weighted average)
1.10%
Coverage rate of zero-tariffs on ICT goods (%)
82.58%
Coverage: Digital goods
Sources
- http://wits.worldbank.org/WITS/
- https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/brief_ita_e.htm#:~:text=ITA%20participants%3A%20Australia%3B%20Bahrain%3B,%3B%20Jordan%3B%20Korea%2C%20Rep.
- https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/ita20years_2017_full_e.pdf
- https://web.archive.org/web/20220120054410/https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2016/april/tradoc_154430.pdf
- https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/inftec_e/itscheds_e.htm
EGYPT
Since September 2016
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Local presence requirements for digital services providers
Law No. 67 of 2016 on Value-added Taxes (VAT)
(الضريبة على القيمة المضافـة الصادر بالقانون رقـم 67 لسنة 2016)
(الضريبة على القيمة المضافـة الصادر بالقانون رقـم 67 لسنة 2016)
According to Art. 17 of the Value Added Tax Law, every non-resident and an unregistered person who sells taxable goods or performs services to a person who is not registered inside the country and who does not carry out an activity through a permanent establishment in Egypt must appoint a representative or agent in Egypt.
Coverage Horizontal
EGYPT
Since April 2004
Since September 2018
Since September 2018
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Framework for consumer protection applicable to online commerce
Law No. 15 of 2004 regulating electronic signatures and establishing the Information Technology Industry Development Agency
(االلكترونى وبإنشاء هيئة تنمية صناعة تكنولوجيا المعلومات قانون رقم 15 لسنة 2004 بتنظيم التوقيع االلكترونى وبإنشاء هيئة تنمية صناعة تكنولوجيا المعلومات)
Law No. 18/2018 on Promulgating Consumer Protection
(قانون رقم 181 لسنة 2018 بشأن إصدار قانون حماية المستهلك)
(االلكترونى وبإنشاء هيئة تنمية صناعة تكنولوجيا المعلومات قانون رقم 15 لسنة 2004 بتنظيم التوقيع االلكترونى وبإنشاء هيئة تنمية صناعة تكنولوجيا المعلومات)
Law No. 18/2018 on Promulgating Consumer Protection
(قانون رقم 181 لسنة 2018 بشأن إصدار قانون حماية المستهلك)
Law No. 18/2018 on Promulgating Consumer Protection Act and Law No. 15/2004 on E-Signatures provide a comprehensive consumer protection framework that applies to online transactions.
Coverage Horizontal
Sources
- https://unctad.org/page/cyberlaw-tracker-country-detail?country=eg
- https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/13546
- https://web.archive.org/web/20230328040807/https://www.cpa.gov.eg/Portals/0/Law/English%20version%20CPA%20LAW.pdf
- https://web.archive.org/web/20241203192838/https://elec.eecourts.gov.eg/assets/laws/11-%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%20%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%2015%20%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9%202004%20%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%86%D...
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EGYPT
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Ratification of the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts
Lack of signature of the UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts
Egypt has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.
Coverage Horizontal
EGYPT
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Adoption of United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce
Lack of adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce
Egypt has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.
Coverage Horizontal
EGYPT
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Adoption of United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures
Lack of adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures
Egypt has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.
Coverage Horizontal
EGYPT
Since August 2018
Pillar Quantitative trade restrictions for ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Export restrictions on ICT goods or online services
Law No. 180 of 2018 on Press, Media and the Supreme Council for Media Regulation
(قانون رقم 180 لسنة 2018 بإصدار قانون تنظيم الصحافة والإعلام والمجلس الأعلى لتنظيم الإعلام)
(قانون رقم 180 لسنة 2018 بإصدار قانون تنظيم الصحافة والإعلام والمجلس الأعلى لتنظيم الإعلام)
Art. 22 of Law No. 180 of 2018 stipulates that a licence from the Supreme Council for Media Regulation and in accordance with the rules and conditions the Authority sets is required for transferring content (whether recorded or live broadcast) from within the Arab Republic of Egypt to a media outlet or a website operating outside the Republic.
Coverage Recorded or live broadcast content