Cuba has not appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.

Cuba does not have a telecommunications authority whose decision‑making processes are fully independent from the government. In fact, no separate telecommunications regulator exists. Art. 2 of Decree‑Law No. 308 of 2013 states that the Ministry of Communications is the body responsible for proposing, and once approved, directing and supervising State and governmental policy for the country’s unified communications system. This system includes telecommunications, information technology, radiocommunications, postal services, communications‑related automation, radio‑spectrum management, and the corresponding technical and support functions.

Although Law 118 on foreign investment does not restrict investments in the online commerce sector, the state company CIMEX, with its company Tuenvio.cu, is the only platform that offers online purchases in Cuba.

Cuba is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

It is reported that Cuba generally lacks accessible public procurement data, reflecting minimal institutional transparency and limited oversight in this domain. Grand corruption risks, though less visible, are nonetheless present, particularly in sectors involving high‑value state assets such as procurement.

Cuba is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA), nor does it have observer status.

The Cuban telecommunications framework is defined by the prohibition of private provision of internet and mobile services and by the concentration of control in the state-owned operator Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Cuba S.A. (ETECSA), through which all internet access is channelled and whose subsidiary Cubacel serves as the sole mobile provider. This structure is legally reinforced by Art. 1 of Decree No. 124/2025, which grants ETECSA an administrative concession to provide public telecommunications services nationwide, while Art. 3 defines the scope of those services to include basic telephony, signal-carrying services, data transmission, and terrestrial mobile cellular telecommunications, and Art. 4.1 establishes an exclusivity period extending until 2036. In parallel, the Annex of Decree No. 107, specifically activities 65 and 66, prohibits private micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises, non-agricultural cooperatives, and self-employed workers from providing public internet access or related services.

According to Art. 253 of the Decree No. 1165/2019, the value of products delivered by postal traffic must not exceed USD 2,000. Postal traffic corresponds to correspondence, postal packages, or online purchases that arrive in Colombia through the Official Postal Operator Network.

Pursuant to Art. 3 of Decree 2025/2015, imports under the postal traffic and express shipments regime may include a maximum of one smartphone or mobile (cellular) telephone per shipment, provided that the item complies with the applicable customs requirements and the addressee is a natural or legal person. The Decree also prohibits split or fragmented shipments made in the name of the same addressee.
For these purposes, postal traffic refers to correspondence, postal parcels, or online purchases that enter Colombia through the network of the Official Postal Operator.

Under Article 91 of Law 633 of 2000, all websites and Internet sites of "Colombian origin" whose economic activity is commercial, financial or service-related must register with the Commercial Registry and provide information on economic transactions to the National Tax and Customs Directorate (DIAN). The Superintendency of Industry and Commerce and the DIAN (Official Letter 021357) have stated that "if the obligated party is domiciled in Colombia, its website or Internet site shall be of Colombian origin".

According to Art. 4 of Resolution No. 3,596, in the case of sales made through the Internet (virtual payment), airlines and travel agencies may charge an administrative fee different from the fees enshrined in the Resolution, provided that they inform the fee and the sales conditions to the aeronautical authority. This rule provides a different regime for online payments in the aeronautical realm, and it has been suggested that this may hamper online purchases.

Art. 261 of Decree No. 1165 of 2019 stipulates that the de minimis threshold, the minimum value of goods below which customs duties are not levied, is set at USD 200.

Law No. 1,480 provides a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that also applies to online transactions.