In March 2022, the government of Indonesia issued President Instruction No. 22/2022, mandating all government agencies to provide a preference margin for local products with at least 25% local content. The price preference is a maximum between 7.5% and 25%, depending on the sector.

The Ministry of Industry Regulation No. 49/2009 requires the use of domestic products and services in 558 sub-sectors for public procurement. The mandate to use domestic products in these sub-sectors applies if there are goods and services with minimum local content requirements ranging from 15% up to 96%. Domestic products and services are defined as goods or services produced or prepared by a company investing and producing in Indonesia, with the possibility to use imported raw materials or components in the production or working process.

The Ministry of Communications and Informatics Regulation No. 12/2019, which replaces Regulation No. 41/PER/M.KOMINFO/10/2009 by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology mandates that Indonesian telecommunication operators allocate at least 50% of their total capital expenditures for network development to locally sourced components or services. The regulation also stipulated that any telecommunication device/material which contains a minimum of 50% local component will be considered to have 100% local component (Art. 6). The regulation also requires companies to report the percentage of local content procured annually and have that information “authenticated” by the government or a survey institute appointed by the government. These requirements have been in place since 2009.

Indonesia is a signatory of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) of 1996, but is not a signatory of its 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Art. 10 of Regulation No. 02/M-IND/PER/1/2014 provides that domestic service suppliers need to be prioritised. To qualify as a domestic service provider, a majority of the shares must be owned by an Indonesian citizen, and two-thirds of the board members must be local. If no domestic service suppliers are participating in the procurement, national service suppliers (with at least 10% of shares belonging to Indonesians) will be taken into consideration. Only when these are also unavailable will foreign service providers be allowed to participate in the procurement process as well (Art. 16.1).

Under Art. 63 of Presidential Regulation No. 16/2018, an International Tender may be conducted if no capable or eligible domestic Economic Operator is available, and:
- The estimated value of goods and other services exceeds Rp 50 billion (approx. USD 4.5 million), or
- The estimated value of consulting services exceeds Rp 25 billion (approx. USD 2.25 million).
Additionally, foreign business entities selected through an International Tender must collaborate with national business entities via a consortium, subcontract, or other forms of cooperation.

Art. 66 of Presidential Regulation No. 16/2018 provides that the ministries, institutions and regional apparatuses are obligated to use domestic products. Procurement of imported goods may be conducted in the event that the goods cannot be produced domestically or that domestic production volume is unable to meet the demand.

Art. 9 of the Government Regulation No. 71/2019 requires that providers of bespoke software must provide or escrow the source codes associated with their service. The requirement applies to Electronic System Providers for public scope. This requirement was already contained in Art. 8 of Government Regulation No. 82/2012, which was repealed by Government Regulation No. 71/2019.

Korea has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

The Act on Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce Transactions provides a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that also applies to online transactions.

Korea has signed but not ratified the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Korea has adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Art. 11 of the "Act on the Prevention of Divulgence and Protection of Industrial Technology" provides that when a target institution holding national core technology developed with government research and development subsidies intends to export such technology to a foreign enterprise or any other external entity, whether through sale, transfer or another means, it must obtain prior approval from the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy. In reviewing an application for approval, the Minister may grant approval after assessing the potential effects of the export on national security, the national economy and other relevant interests, consulting with the head of the competent central governmental administrative authority, and obtaining deliberation by the Committee. Where a target institution holding and managing national core technology that is not subject to this approval requirement seeks to export such technology, it must submit a prior report to the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy. Upon receiving this report, the Minister shall examine the likely impact of the proposed export on national security and any other pertinent factors, and shall accept the report if the export is deemed not to pose a serious risk to national security and to comply with the Act. The term national core technology refers to technology designated under Art. 9, the overseas divulgence of which could have a materially adverse effect on national security or on the development of the national economy, owing to its significant technological and economic value in domestic and international markets or its capacity to generate substantial growth in related industries.

Since 2008, the Foreign Trade Act has required a license prior to the export of strategic goods. These items include dual-use items. Among them, electronics (category 3), computers (category 4), telecommunications and information security (category 5), and sensors and lasers (category 6) are relevant to digital goods. These categories are controlled by the Ministry of Trade, Investment, and Energy.