Section 22 (b) of the Licensing Regulations, 2018 stipulated that the majority shareholders (51%) of the Content Service Licensee should be Tanzanian citizens. The Content Licensee, under the regulations, is an entity authorised to provide radio or television broadcasting free to air or content services by subscription. According to Art. 27, a content services licence for subscription includes "Channel aggregation", that is the packaging of individual licensed or authorized channels into a specific basket of channels for distribution by a multiplex operator. The latter is a digital transmission channel which combines program material and other data in a digital form for transmission via a frequency channel.

Section 22 of the Electronic and Postal Communications (Licensing) Regulations stipulates that foreign investment in the telecommunications sector is restricted to a maximum of 75%.

Under the Patents (Registration) Act Cap 217 R.E 2002, foreigners may obtain the same protection as nationals of Tanzania. However, according to Art. 18 of the law, applicants not residing in Tanzania must appoint a patent attorney domiciled in the country to represent the applicant before the Patent Office. In addition, according to Art. 26, foreign parties may pay the required fees only through a patent agent domiciled in Tanzania.

Tanzania is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

Tanzania’s copyright framework is established under the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act. The Act does not provide for an open-ended fair use or fair dealing standard. Rather, it sets out a closed list of narrowly defined exceptions, limiting lawful uses to specific, enumerated purposes that are subject to the principle of “fair practice”. This principle requires that any permitted use be compatible with fair practice and confined to what is justified by the relevant purpose. Sections 12 and 26 list the exceptions, which include utilisation for the purposes of education and utilisation by way of illustration in an original work of an author or authors, provided that the extent of such utilisation is compatible with fair practice, among others.

The Syrian Arab Republic has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

The Consumer Protection Law and the Electronic Commerce Law establish a comprehensive legal framework for safeguarding consumer rights, which extends to transactions conducted online.

The Syrian Arab Republic has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Syria has enacted national legislation, the Electronic Commerce Law (Law No. 3/2014), which is largely based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce, with the exception of provisions relating to certification and electronic signatures.

Art. 3 of the "Regulation on Instructions and Guidelines for Type Approval of Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE)" sets out the procedures for type approval and specifies the documentation required to accompany an application. This documentation includes, among other items, a declaration of conformity and test reports corresponding to the equipment category, such as RF tests for radio communication devices, EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) assessments, and safety evaluations. In cases defined by SY-TPRA, a sample of the R&TTE equipment must also be provided for inspection, testing, and verification to ensure conformity with equipment subsequently imported into Syria of the same type.

Art. 51.e of the Telecommunications Law prohibits operators of telecommunications networks, service providers, their affiliates, and users of such services from employing encryption on telecommunications service devices without prior authorisation from the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority, the Ministry of Defence, and the relevant security agencies. In addition, Art. 51.b obliges all licensed telecommunications service providers to ensure that they possess the requisite technical capabilities to install and operate interception and tracing equipment within their networks, thereby enabling security agencies to fulfil their responsibilities in safeguarding national security. Although this provision does not explicitly address encryption, it has been reported that it may be interpreted as requiring service providers to maintain the ability to decrypt any encrypted communications.

It is reported that the de minimis threshold, defined as the minimum value of goods below which customs authorities do not levy duties, is set at 50 Syrian Pounds (approx. USD 0.0062). This amount is considerably lower than the USD 200 threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).

Art. 9 of Law No. 12 on the Protection of Electronic Personal Data on the Network governs the appointment of a data protection officer (DPO), requiring that, where the controller or processor is a legal entity, a suitably qualified employee be designated to oversee personal data protection, while natural persons acting as controllers or processors must themselves be registered in the Authority’s official register of DPOs. Art. 10 outlines the DPO’s core responsibilities, including conducting regular assessments and audits of data protection systems, preventing breaches, documenting findings, issuing recommendations to strengthen safeguards, and ensuring their effective implementation.

The Cybercrime Law prescribes severe financial and criminal sanctions against internet service providers that fail to disclose users’ digital data upon a formal governmental request. Art. 39 stipulates that any proprietor, custodian, or administrator of an information system on which a cybercrime has been committed using their infrastructure must permit the judicial police to conduct searches, seize information and information technology equipment, and obtain copies thereof. Where necessary, the judicial police may confiscate the technological apparatus employed or components thereof. The judicial police force referenced was established within the Ministry of the Interior pursuant to Art. 38 of the Law, as such, there appears to be no court order or warrant required to access personal data held by private companies.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability for copyright infringement is absent in Syria's law and jurisprudence.