According to Art. 148 of Law No. 20-00, when the applicant or the holder of an industrial property right has its domicile or headquarters outside the Dominican Republic, it must have a representative domiciled in the country who can be notified of all resolutions, correspondence, writings and any other documentation emanating from the National Office for Industrial Property.

The Dominican Republic is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

The Dominican Republic has a copyright regime under the law No. 65-00. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Arts. 30-44 list the exceptions, which include the reproduction of: news that have the character of mere press information; speeches made in deliberative assemblies or public meetings, works for educational or scientific purposes, among others.

The Dominican Republic is a signatory of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) of 1996, but is not a signatory of its 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Art. 61 of Law No. 47-25 establishes a sequencing requirement that prioritises nationally issued tenders and conditions recourse to international tendering upon the fulfilment of specified procedural thresholds, thereby functioning as a limitation on the immediate participation of foreign suppliers in public procurement. It stipulates that the call for a public tender may be issued at either the national or international level, with an international call required in any of the following circumstances: when the procurement falls under an agreement or treaty in force between the Dominican Republic and another State or a multilateral or bilateral credit organisation; when, on the basis of a market study and an accompanying technical report, it is determined that national bidders lack the capacity to supply the goods, provide the services, or execute the works in question; or when a nationally issued call has been declared void on two occasions due to non-compliant submissions or the absence of proposals, in which case a technical report must attest that enhanced efforts were made to notify and invite domestic suppliers. Notwithstanding the above, when a national call has been declared void twice, the contracting authority retains the power to issue further national calls.
Law No. 47‑25 repeals Law No. 340‑06, which establishes a similar restriction in Art. 16. The new legislation will take effect in January 2026.

Art. 172 of Law No. 47-25 stipulates that contracting institutions, when preparing their budget allocations, must reserve at least 30% of the funds designated for procurement for procedures exclusively intended for Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs), allocating 20% to MSMEs in general and 10% to MSMEs led by women; furthermore, Art. 173 provides that procurement processes reserved for MSMEs shall require interested suppliers to have an established domicile within the municipal district, municipality, province, or region where the goods are to be supplied, the services rendered, or the works executed.
The preference regime in Law No. 47-25 differs somewhat from that in Law No. 488-08, which nevertheless remains in force. According to Art. 25, state institutions must reserve 15% of purchases of goods and services to national MSMEs. Moreover, Art. 26 establishes that when MSMEs are managed by women who have a shareholding or capital stock of more than 50%, then the percentage of purchases by state institutions reserved for MSMEs goes up to 20%.

It is reported that public procurement in the Dominican Republic is not carried out in a transparent manner and that corruption is a problem.

The Dominican Republic is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA). However, the country has been an observer of the WTO GPA since 2022.

Law No. 16-95 on Foreign Investment in the Dominican Republic permits full foreign ownership (100%) across all sectors relevant to digital trade.

Djibouti does not implement any de minimis threshold, which is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties.

Djibouti does not possess a comprehensive regulatory framework for consumer protection in the context of online transactions. Neither the provisions of Law No. 28/AN/08/6th L on the Protection, Suppression of Fraud and Consumer Protection (Loi N°28/AN/08/6ème L portant sur la protection, la répression de la fraude et la protection du consommateur), nor any other existing legislation, address transactions conducted by consumers via digital platforms.

Djibouti has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Djibouti has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Djibouti has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.