Ecuador is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

Ecuador is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Art. 25.2 of the Organic Law on the National System of Public Procurement stipulates that, for the acquisition of goods and services not classified as of Ecuadorian origin under the relevant regulations, prior verification of the absence of Ecuadorian-origin offers shall be required. Such verification must be carried out through expeditious mechanisms that do not hinder the contracting process.

Art. 37 of the Organic Law on the National System of Public Procurement provides that the participation of foreign consultants in public procurement procedures, whether natural or legal persons, is limited to services, fields, activities, or areas in which there is, either partially or wholly, no domestic technical capacity or experience, as certified by the National Public Procurement Service, which must issue a public notice inviting expressions of interest from national suppliers. Where, within eight days, no domestic providers express interest, or those that do fail to meet the required technical capacity or experience, the contracting authority may authorise the participation of foreign consultancy service providers. Art. 39 further provides that foreign legal entities must be domiciled in Ecuador in order to execute public contracts, and that foreign companies registered as consultants in the Unified Registry of Suppliers (RUP) may not engage in any activity other than consultancy services within the scope of their registration; in all cases, preference is given to the engagement of Ecuadorian professionals.

Ministerial Agreement No. 141 requires public entities to procure telecommunications services exclusively from State‑owned providers. Art. 1 requires that public‑sector bodies contract services such as fixed telephony, advanced mobile services, data links, internet services, and other related telecommunications services through public telecommunications enterprises. Art. 2 permits procurement from private providers only where public telecommunications enterprises are unable, for duly justified technical reasons, to meet the required specifications. Art. 3 extends these obligations to the acquisition of emerging digital technologies, including big data, the Internet of Things, blockchain, cloud computing, hosting, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and comparable technologies. It is reported that, pursuant to this framework, customers seeking to contract cloud service providers that rely on data centres located outside Ecuador must do so through the National Telecommunications Corporation (CNT), a State‑owned entity that acts as the mandated local partner.

Dominican Republic has signed and ratified the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Dominican Republic has adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Dominican Republic has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

Self-certification is allowed in the country for radio transmission, electromagnetic interference (EMI) or electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The country allows foreign companies to self-certify that they comply with these standards, through a Supplier Declaration of Conformity (SDoC).

According to Art. 29 of Law No. 183-02, foreign exchange brokerage may only be carried out by authorised financial brokerage entities and by Exchange Agents. Art. 30 states that to be an Exchange Agent, it is necessary to be constituted as a joint stock company organised in accordance with the laws of the Dominican Republic, with the objects clause and the exclusive habitual activity of carrying out exchange intermediation in free market conditions in the national territory, as well as abroad under the modality of remittance company.

According to Art. 4 of Decree No. 402-05 approving the Regulations for the Express Dispatch of Shipments, the de minimis threshold, that is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties, is USD 200, following the 200 USD threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).

Law No. 358-05 provides a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that also applies to online transactions.

Personal Data Protection Law No. 172-13 provides a comprehensive framework for data protection.

Art. 26.2 of the Constitution of the Republic establishes a safe harbour regime for intermediaries for copyright infringements. Chapter XV of the Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) of 2007 between the United States of America, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua devotes its Art. 27 to the limitations of liability of intermediaries for copyright infringement in the digital environment. This is applicable in the country by mandate of Art. 26.2 of the Constitution of the Republic, which establishes that the rules in force of ratified international conventions shall govern internally. However, it is reported that, in practice, there have been cases in 2013 in which the courts have considered companies liable not only for violating copyright but also for the mere fact of hosting the website where the infringement takes place and, therefore, encouraging the infringement through its economic sponsorship.