Vanuatu has appended the World Trade Organization (WTO) Telecom Reference Paper to its schedule of commitments.

It is reported that the Telecommunications and Radiocommunications Regulator, the executive authority for the supervision and administration of services in the telecommunications sector, is independent from the government in the decision-making process.

According to Section 37 of the Telecommunication Radio Communication Broadcasting Regulator's Act, both functional and accounting separation is mandated for operators with significant market power.

It is reported that passive infrastructure sharing is not mandated, but it is practiced in the market in both the mobile and fixed sectors (based on commercial agreements).

The Trade Secrets Act of 2000, Act. 52 of 2000 provides a framework for the effective protection of trade secrets. According to the Act, a trade secret is classified as information that is not commonly known or easily accessible to those involved in similar details. It can also pertain to someone's business or professional matters and, if disclosed, would negatively impact their lawful activities. Additionally, a trade secret holds commercial value due to its confidentiality and exclusivity. If a trade secret is acquired, used, or disclosed by a person without the authority of the owner of the trade secret, the owner has the right to apply to the Court for a declaration that the trade secret has been acquired, used, or disclosed without authority. The Court may grant an injunction preventing anyone from dealing with, or otherwise using, the secret in a commercial way; and if it is satisfied that the owner has suffered damage because of the unauthorised disclosure—award damages to the owner.

Vanuatu has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Vanuatu has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Vanuatu has a clear regime of copyright exceptions that follows the fair dealing model, which enables the lawful use of copyrighted work by others without obtaining permission. The exceptions include the purposes of research or private study, legal advice, criticism or review.

Vanuatu is not a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

According to Art. 35.2 a foreign investor must not carry out an investment without a valid certificate. Art. 46.1 indicates that a foreign investor is subject, among other conditions, to provide employment to locals and capacity building.

Art. 45 (9) of the Act Foreign Investment Act No. 25 of 2019 states that "if the business activities of a foreign investor are expanded more than three times in the form of a variation, the foreign investor must enter into joint partnership with a citizen of Vanuatu.”

Vanuatu is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) nor does it have observer status.

Vanuatu is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Uruguay has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.