Georgia has not joined any agreement with binding commitments to open transfers of data across borders.

According to Art. 22(2) of Law No. 1791, any applicant lacking a residence or registered legal address within Georgia must appoint a Georgian patent attorney to represent before the National Intellectual Property Centre of Georgia (Sakpatenti) in the application process.

Law No. 3144 provides a comprehensive regime of data protection in Georgia. The Law aims to bring Georgian legislation on personal data protection into closer alignment with the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by establishing obligations such as the appointment of a data protection officer (DPO) and the conducting of a data protection impact assessment (DPIA), as well as requirements regarding data breach notifications, data subject rights, and international data transfers. Law No. 3144 superseded the Data Protection Act of 2011 (No. 5669), with effect starting from June 2024.

Art. 24 of Law No. 1791 mandates that patent applications be submitted in Georgian. It is reported that, in instances where the applicant submits application documents in a foreign language, a Georgian translation must be provided within 2 months of the date of submission.

According to Art. 22 of Law No. 1791, any applicant lacking a residence or registered legal address within Georgia must appoint a Georgian patent attorney to represent before the National Intellectual Property Centre of Georgia (Sakpatenti) to enforce the patent.

Georgia is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). However, the country does not consider itself bound by Art. 59 related to disputes.

Georgia has a copyright regime under the Law on Copyright and Related Rights. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, limiting lawful use by others. Chapter III lists exceptions, including the use of a copyrighted work for personal use (Art. 21), reprographic reproduction by libraries (Art. 22), and educational or informational purposes (Art. 23), among others.

It is reported that copyright is not adequately enforced online in Georgia. Online piracy in the country is widespread across various sectors, including the distribution of films, series, music, video games, and software. The prevalence of pirated content negatively affects numerous private-sector stakeholders by discouraging both domestic and foreign investment and limiting revenue for audiovisual producers and firms involved in post-production and distribution. Moreover, Georgia is reported to have one of the highest global piracy rates, with 91% of software used illegally.

Georgia has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Georgia has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Under Art. 37 of the General Administrative Code, as amended by Art. 1 of the Law of Georgia No. 2542 (On Adding Amendments to the General Administrative Code), public institutions are required to share personal data or commercial secrets with another public institution upon a written request, if necessary to resolve a specific issue. In such cases, the requesting institution must obtain and provide written consent from the individual whose personal data or commercial secrets are being disclosed.
Additionally, under Art. 99, an interested party in administrative proceedings is entitled to access case materials, except for intra-agency documents related to the preparation of an individual administrative act. If the interest in accessing these materials outweighs confidentiality concerns, documents containing commercial secrets may be disclosed, provided such access is authorised by law or a court decision. Copies of these materials may only be provided under similar legal or judicial authorisation.
Although the law does not explicitly mention algorithms or source codes, Art. 27.1 provides a broad definition of commercial secrets. This includes any information about a plan, formula, process, or means of commercial value, or any other information used for manufacturing, preparation, or processing of goods, rendering of services, and/or information that represents a novelty or significant technical achievement, and other information that may prejudice the competitiveness of a person if disclosed.

Georgia has a comprehensive framework regulating trade secrets, established by several laws. According to the General Administrative Code (Art. 27), a commercial secret is defined as information that, if disclosed, could harm the competitive position of an entity and is thus protected from such disclosure. The Civil Code (Art. 1105) grants entrepreneurs exclusive rights over technological, organisational, or commercial information, ensuring its confidentiality. The Criminal Code (Art. 202) imposes penalties for the illegal collection, disclosure, or use of commercial secrets. Additionally, the Constitution of Georgia (Art. 18) guarantees that public institutions protect commercial and professional secrets.

Georgia is a signatory of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) of 1996 and its 2015 expansion (ITA II).