Art. 15 of the Law on Telecommunications provides that a license from the Telecommunication Regulator of Cambodia (TRC) and the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPTC) is required for the provision of VoIP and Internet café services.

Art. 99 of the Law on Telecommunications introduces sentences of six months to two years imprisonment and heavy financial penalties for “any act of producing, installing or distributing software or hidden audio recorders for recording dialogue” without approval from the authorities. It is reported that this unclear provision, which seems to require government approval for any software that can record sound, could potentially criminalise the basic use, sharing, or development of software such as smartphone apps. Additionally, the range of sound-recording hardware concerned with this provision is unclear.

Pursuant to Annex 5 of Sub-Decree No. 370 on the Enforcement of the List of Prohibited and Restricted Goods, the importation of used computers is restricted and is permitted only with authorisation from the Ministry of Environment.

Art. 51 of the Law on Customs stipulates that all individuals or entities engaged in the import or export of goods must maintain accurate documentation, including books, records, and other information, in both digital and traditional formats. These records must be retained for a minimum of 10 years at the business premises in Cambodia. This obligation extends to importers, exporters, customs brokers, operators of customs temporary storage facilities and customs bonded warehouses, transportation operators, and other relevant parties.

Art. 6 of Sub-Decree No. 287 stipulates that ministries and governmental institutions intending to utilise the national domain name designated for such entities must store their data within the Kingdom of Cambodia. The Ministry of Post and Telecommunications is responsible for hosting and storing the data of all ministries and governmental institutions using national domain names, either in the national data centre or in a government-operated data centre.

Cambodia has not joined any agreement with binding commitments to open transfers of data across borders.

Cambodia has a copyright regime under the Law on Copyright and Related Rights. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Section 4 lists the exceptions, which include: free and private representations made exclusively to a close circle of people, such as family or friends; the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain; translation of works from the Khmer language into the languages of the ethnic minorities or vice versa; among others (Arts. 23-29).

There is currently no comprehensive data protection regime in Cambodia. However, certain general privacy provisions exist in the 2010 Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia (Art. 40), the 2007 Civil Code (Art. 10), the 2009 Penal Code (Arts. 301, 302, 314, 318, and 427), and the Telecommunications Law (Art. 56). In addition, the Law on Electronic Commerce includes some measures to protect consumer data collected through electronic communication; notably, Art. 32 prohibits interference with, or unauthorised access to, data held by others. Sub-Decree No. 252 on the Management, Use, and Protection of Personally Identifiable Data further applies to data in the custody of the Ministry of Interior (MOI). It is reported that the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPTC) has already circulated a draft Personal Data Protection Law to selected companies for comment and held a consultative workshop on the draft in December 2024. However, as of 2025, this law has not yet been enacted.

It is reported that Copyright is not adequately enforced online in Cambodia. Signal and cable piracy reportedly persist at high levels, and online platforms offering pirated music, films, e-books, software, and television shows remain widely used.

Cambodia has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Cambodia has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Cambodia does not yet have a specific law on trade secrets, and no comprehensive framework is in place to ensure their effective protection. However, there are limited measures that address some related issues. Under the Contract Law of 1998, non-disclosure agreements may be used and enforced to protect confidential information within employment or other contractual relationships. In addition, the Ministry of Commerce is drafting a Law on Trade Secrets and Undisclosed Information.

Cambodia’s Law on Telecommunications establishes a legal obligation for passive infrastructure sharing among licensed operators. According to Art. 32, telecommunications operators must provide access to their supporting infrastructure, including the physical assets used to provide services, upon request by other operators. This access must be granted in accordance with the principles of non-discrimination, technical compatibility, transparency, and affordability, as outlined in Art. 31.

According to Art. 3 of the Law on Public Enterprises, the Cambodian government must directly or indirectly hold more than 51% of the capital or voting rights in state-owned enterprises. As Telecom Cambodia—the country's principal telecom company—is fully state-owned, certain restrictions apply to this entity.

Telecom Cambodia, the principal telecommunications company in the country, is a fully state-owned enterprise established under Sub-Decree No. 01. As provided in Art. 1 of the Decree, Telecom Cambodia is a public enterprise that operates under the technical supervision of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and the financial oversight of the Ministry of Economy and Finance.