It is reported that in Barbados the lack of enforcement of intellectual property judgments, inadequate enforcement resources, poor implementation of existing legislation, and long-standing backlogs in the judicial system continue to be of concern.

Barbados has adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Barbados has adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Barbados lacks a comprehensive framework in place that provides effective protection of trade secrets, but there are limited measures addressing some issues related to them. The Protection Against Unfair Competition Act, under Art. 8.2, governs the treatment of "secret information". According to this article, information is deemed secret if it meets the following criteria: (i) it is not generally known among, or easily accessible to, individuals who would typically possess knowledge of or access to such information, considering both its overall structure and specific components. (ii) it holds commercial value due to its confidential nature, and (iii) the rightful owner has taken reasonable measures under the given circumstances to maintain its secrecy.

There is an obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in Barbados to deliver telecom services to end users. It is practiced in the mobile sector and in the fixed sector based on commercial agreements.

Barbados is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Barbados is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA); however, it has maintained observer status since October 2025.

It is reported that at least 25% of the equity in a telecommunications carrier must be held by Barbadian natural or legal persons. Furthermore, it is indicated that the authorities have noted that mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) are also subject to the same ownership structure requirement.

Bahrain has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

In accordance with Law No. 81 of 2006 with respect to Approving the Common Industrial Law of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Bahrain imposes a regime for import licensing for certain products. Importers of several products must obtain an industrial licence from the Ministry of Industry, Commerce, and Tourism (MoICT), which can be issued only to a firm or an individual resident in Bahrain. It is valid for one year (renewable) and is transferable between importers. This requirement applies to importers of several products, including electric motors, generators, transformers, and electricity distribution and control apparatus; batteries and accumulators; wiring and wiring devices; electric lighting equipment; domestic appliances, other electric equipment; and machinery and equipment.

Self-certification is allowed in Bahrain for radio transmission, electromagnetic interference (EMI) or electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The country allows foreign companies to self-certify that they comply with these standards, through a Supplier Declaration of Conformity (SDoC). It is reported that, when applying for equipment type approval, the submission must include a manufacturer’s declaration of conformity, together with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and radio-frequency safety test reports issued by an internationally accredited telecommunications laboratory. These documents shall support the conformity assessment and be accompanied by a detailed technical description of the equipment and its associated units, including the frequencies that may be tuned or utilised.

Arts. 1 and 2 of Decision No. 51 of 2024 authorise engagement in the commercial activities enumerated in Table No. 1 through a virtual commercial store, subject to assessment by the competent directorate of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce and the nature of the activity for which the licence is sought; applicants must be Bahraini nationals, operate exclusively as a sole proprietorship, and provide a permanent correspondence address. Art. 4 requires licence holders conducting online sales to maintain an operational website and prohibits them from trading in any products listed in Table No. 2, while Art. 5 forbids the recruitment of foreign labour for licensed activities. Table No. 1 includes, among others, online sales.

It is reported that the de minimis threshold, defined as the minimum value of goods below which customs authorities do not levy duties, is 300 BHD (approximately USD 800). However, this threshold applies exclusively to business-to-consumer (B2C) consignments, whereas for business-to-business (B2B) transactions no de minimis threshold exists.