Art. 18 of the Law on Patents stipulates that, in order to safeguard national security interests, the competent executive authority may authorise the use of a patent relating to an invention, utility model, or industrial design without the consent of the patent holder. In such circumstances, the patent holder is entitled to receive appropriate compensation. Should the patent holder dispute the amount of compensation awarded, they may challenge the decision through administrative procedures or in court.

Azerbaijan has not joined any agreement with binding commitments to open transfers of data across borders.

Azerbaijan is a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

The Law on Personal Data establishes a comprehensive framework for data protection in Azerbaijan. The Ministry of Transport, Communications and High Technologies serves as the regulatory authority under the Law, empowered to conduct investigations and implement measures, although reports suggest that its enforcement activity has been limited. The Law is further supplemented by several decrees, including the "Requirements for the Protection of Personal Data" and the "Regulations on the Transmission of Personal Data Collected and Processed at Corporate Information Systems to Third Parties on a Fee Basis".

Azerbaijan’s copyright framework is established under Law No. 115‑IQ; however, the statutory exceptions it provides do not conform to the fair use or fair dealing models, thereby limiting the lawful use of copyrighted works by third parties. The relevant exceptions are dispersed across various provisions of the Law, including Art. 18, which concerns the reprographic reproduction of works by libraries, archives, and educational institutions; Art. 19, which regulates the use of works for informational, scientific, educational, and other related purposes; Art. 20, which provides for the use of works permanently located in public spaces; Art. 23, which pertains to ephemeral, short‑term recordings made by broadcasting organisations; and Art. 24, which addresses the reproduction of computer software and databases, as well as the decompilation of computer programs.

It is reported that copyright enforcement remains a significant issue in Azerbaijan, particularly in the digital environment. Although Azerbaijani law provides copyright protection, unlicensed software use remains widespread in both the private and public sectors. In 2022, the Copyright Agency of Azerbaijan reported a software piracy rate of 71%.

Azerbaijan has adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Azerbaijan has adopted the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Law No. 224‑IIG provides a framework for effective protection of trade secrets.

There is no obligation for passive infrastructure sharing in Azerbaijan to deliver telecom services to end users. However, it is reported that infrastructure sharing is practised in the mobile sector and in the fixed sector based on commercial agreements.

It is reported that the government retains control over several major state‑owned enterprises in the telecommunications sector, including Aztelekom, AzInTelecom, and Azercosmos. These enterprises are currently overseen through the Azerbaijan Transport and Communications Holding (AZCON), which was established by the government for this purpose.

Art. 48 of the Law on Public Procurement provides that the contracting authority may employ the request‑for‑quotations procedure for the procurement of items that have an existing and readily accessible market. Depending on the estimated contract value, this procedure must be conducted among specific supplier categories, and only their bids may be considered. Where the estimated value does not exceed 30,000 manats (approx. USD 17.600), participation is limited to suppliers classified as micro or small business entities. Where the estimated value ranges from 30,000 to 100,000 manats (approx. USD 58.800), suppliers classified as micro, small, or medium‑sized business entities may participate.

Art. 38.10 of the Law on Public Procurement stipulates that the successful supplier may enter into subcontract agreements for the provision of services, provided that such agreements are permitted by the bidding documents. The aggregate value of such subcontract agreements may not exceed 50% of the total value of the procurement contract, and at least 20% of the total value of all subcontracted work must be allocated to micro, small, or medium‑sized business entities registered in the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Art. 5 of the Law on Public Procurement provides that restrictions may be imposed, on grounds of state security or pursuant to Azerbaijan’s international obligations, on the participation in procurement procedures of certain foreign suppliers or foreign suppliers originating from specific countries, including those with which Azerbaijan has no diplomatic relations.

Azerbaijan is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) nor does it have observer status. In fact, the country is an observer and not a full member of the WTO.