RUSSIA
Since April 2008, as amended in January 2015
Pillar Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in sectors relevant to digital trade |
Sub-pillar Maximum foreign equity share
Federal Law No.57-FZ "On Procedures for Foreign Investments in Companies Having Strategic Importance for National Security and Defence"
According to Article 2 of the Federal Law No. 57, foreign states and international organizations, as well as organizations under their control, including those formed in Russia, cannot enter into transactions to gain majority interest in the business entities of strategic importance for national defence and state security. Thus, foreign state controlled investors cannot acquire more than 50% of shares or majority voting rights in companies of strategic importance.
Coverage Business entities of strategic importance in digital field
RUSSIA
Since December 2015
Since June 2018
Since June 2018
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Other limitations on foreign participation in public procurement
Decision No. 155 of the Ministry of Economic Development "On the conditions for admission of goods originating from foreign countries for the purposes of purchasing goods, works, services for provision of state and municipal needs"
Decision No. 126 of the Ministry of Finance "On the conditions for the admission of goods originating from a foreign state or a group of foreign states for the purpose of purchasing goods to meet state and municipal needs.
Decision No. 126 of the Ministry of Finance "On the conditions for the admission of goods originating from a foreign state or a group of foreign states for the purpose of purchasing goods to meet state and municipal needs.
As from 31 December 2015, the Ministry of Economic Development's Decision No. 155 grants preferences of 15% (30% in case of radio-electronic equipment) in relation to the contract price in public procurement auctions and tenders to participants who propose to supply goods originating from Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries. The Decision was later replaced by Decision No. 126 of the Ministry of Finance in June 2018, which contains a similar provision with regard to price preference to EAEU countries.
Coverage Horizontal
RUSSIA
Since September 2016
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Other limitations on foreign participation in public procurement
Government Resolution No. 925 "On the priority of goods of Russian origin, work, services performed by Russian persons in relation to goods originating from a foreign state, work, services performed by foreign persons"
Government Resolution No. 925 of 16 September 2016, which is of general application to all goods, works and services, grants a 15% price preference for domestically produced products or imposes a 15% reduction in the price offered in a tendering procedure to foreign products. At the same time in accordance with paragraph 8 of Decree No. 925 the priority should be given taking into account the provisions of GATT 1994 and the EAEU Treaty.
Coverage Horizontal
RUSSIA
Since April 2013
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Other limitations on foreign participation in public procurement
Federal Law No. 44-Z "On Public Procurement"
According to Art. 14.3 of the Federal Law No. 44-FZ, the Government can establish a ban on the admission of goods, works and services originating from foreign states and impose restrictions restrictions on the admission of these goods, works, services, including the minimum mandatory share of purchases of Russian goods in order to protect the foundations of the constitutional system, ensure the country's defense and state security, protect the internal market of the Russian Federation, develop the national economy, and support Russian producers.
Coverage Horizontal
RUSSIA
Since January 2016
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Exclusion from public procurement
Resolution No. 1236 "On Prohibition of Admission of Software originated in Foreign Countries for the Purposes of Procurement for State and Municipal Needs"
The Decree No. 1236 limits the procurement of foreign software. It stipulates that only Russian software can be admitted to state and municipal orders, unless Russian software does not exist or it does not fit some of the criteria. Only under these exceptional circumstances organizations is able to purchase software from foreign counterparts.
Coverage Software
RUSSIA
Since January 2020
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Exclusion from public procurement
Government Decree No. 1746 "On establishing a prohibition on the admission of certain types of goods originating from foreign countries, and amending certain acts of the government of the Russian Federation"
Government Decree No. 1746 dated 21 December 2019 "On establishing a prohibition on the admission of certain types of goods originating from foreign countries, and amending certain acts of the government of the Russian Federation" puts in place a two-year prohibition on the procurement of almost all types of memory storage devices from foreign states for governmental and municipal needs, except for data storage systems included in the unified state register of Russian radio-electronic devices.
Coverage Data storage devices
RUSSIA
Since April 2013
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Exclusion from public procurement
Federal Law No. 44-Z "On Public Procurement"
According to Art. 14.3 of the Federal Law No. 44-FZ, the Government can establish a ban on the admission of goods, works and services originating from foreign states and impose restrictions restrictions on the admission of these goods, works, services, including the minimum mandatory share of purchases of Russian goods in order to protect the foundations of the constitutional system, ensure the country's defense and state security, protect the internal market of the Russian Federation, develop the national economy, and support Russian producers.
Coverage Horizontal
RUSSIA
Since May 2019, until May 2024
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on ICT goods |
Sub-pillar Antidumping, countervailing duties and safeguard measures on ICT goods
Anti-dumping measure on aluminum alloy strips
In May 2019, the Russian authorities imposed a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of aluminum alloy strips (HS: 760611) from Azerbaijan and China. These products are used to manufacture components of ICT goods, such as heat sinks, printed circuit boards (PCB), charging cables, hdmi cables, displays, etc. The duty imposed on imports originating from Azerbaijan is 16.18% and the duty imposed on imports originating from China is 13.14%.
Coverage Product: aluminum alloy strips (HS: 760611)
Countries: Azerbaijan, China
Countries: Azerbaijan, China
RUSSIA
Since August 2020 (previously from January 2016)
Pillar Public procurement of ICT goods and online services |
Sub-pillar Exclusion from public procurement
Government Resolution No. 968 "On restrictions and conditions for the admission of certain types of radio-electronic products originating from foreign countries for the purpose of making purchases to meet state and municipal needs"
Government Resolution No. 878 of 10 July, 2019 "On stimulation measures of production of radio-electronic products in the territory of the Russian Federation in the context of procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs"
Government Resolution No. 878 of 10 July, 2019 "On stimulation measures of production of radio-electronic products in the territory of the Russian Federation in the context of procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs"
In January 2016, Russia imposed a ban on the procurement of 113 different types of foreign-made radio-electronic products and components for state and municipal needs when there are at least two bids for similar items manufactured in Russia or an Eurasian Economic Union Member State. Effective from August 2020, the list of products was reduced to 13 different types of foreign-made radio-electronic products and components.
Coverage Radio-electronic equipment
RUSSIA
N/A
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on ICT goods |
Sub-pillar Participation in the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) and 2015 expansion (ITA II)
Lack of participation in Information Technology Agreement Expansion Agreement (ITA II)
Russia is a signatory of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) of 1996, but is not a signatory of its 2015 expansion (ITA II).
Coverage ICT goods
RUSSIA
ITA signatory?
I
II
Pillar Tariffs and trade defence measures applied on ICT goods |
Sub-pillar Effective tariff rate to ICT goods (applied weighted average)
Effective tariff rate to ICT goods (applied weighted average)
1.94%
Coverage rate of zero-tariffs on ICT goods (%)
52.84%
Coverage: Digital goods
Sources
BOLIVIA
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce
Lack of adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce
Bolivia has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.
Coverage Horizontal
BOLIVIA
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signature
Lack of adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures
Bolivia has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.
Coverage Horizontal
BOLIVIA
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Ratification of the UN Convention of Electronic Communications
Lack of signature of the UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts
Bolivia has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.
Coverage Horizontal
BOLIVIA
N/A
Pillar Online sales and transactions |
Sub-pillar Framework for consumer protection applicable to online commerce
Lack of framework for consumer protection
Bolivia lacks a framework for consumer protection applicable to online commerce.
Coverage Horizontal