Libya has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Libya has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Libya has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

Art. 5 of the Regulations for the type approval of communications devices and equipment attached to Resolution No. 985-2022 states that the competent authority (General Authority for Communications and Informatics) has the right to issue quality approval certificates for telecommunications devices itself or delegate this to other entities. The authority has the right to accredit local and international bodies and laboratories for the purposes of quality approval, and it grants them the right to carry out measurements and tests related to the extent to which telecommunications devices and equipment conform to the approved technical standards. GACI also has the right to conclude memorandums of understanding with local or international bodies with the aim of mutual recognition of qualitative approval of telecommunications devices and inspection certificates. Art. 6.1 stipulates that it is not permissible to use, import, or sell any device after the issued type approval certificate expires unless it is renewed. According to Art. 6.6, GACI may conduct some tests on the devices and equipment in its laboratories or any other laboratories if it deems it necessary and include the device that has been qualitatively approved on the competent authority's website in the international information network.

Art. 9 of Law No.5-2022 states that no individual or entity shall produce, possess, provide, market, manufacture, import, or export encryption tools” without gaining authorisation from authorities often used to protect online users' privacy.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability for copyright infringement is absent in Libya's law and jurisprudence.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability beyond copyright infringement is absent in Libya's law and jurisprudence.

It is reported that since 2021, Libya has had mandatory SIM card registration. Moreover, foreign subscribers are required to provide a valid visa and passport.

The indicator "6.2.4 - Government Internet shut down in practice" of the V-Dem Dataset, which measures whether the government has the technical capacity to actively make internet service cease, thus interrupting domestic access to the internet or whether the government has decided to do so, has a score of 3 in Libya for the year 2023. This corresponds to "Rarely but there have been a few occasions throughout the year when the government shut down domestic access to Internet."
It is reported that in October 2023, the Libyan Arab Armed Forces abruptly severed internet access in Benghazi, Libya's second-largest city, under the pretext of a military operation against a "destructive cell," effectively isolating the city from the rest of the world for over a week. A similar situation occurred in mid-September in the city of Derna following protests triggered by the collapse of dams that resulted in numerous casualties. The Libyan Arab Armed Forces imposed a four-day internet and communication shutdown in response. Additionally, in Sirte, internet and communication services faced recurrent disruptions due to demonstrations.

According to Art. 1355 of Law No. 23-2010, it is not permissible to practice any commercial activity or conduct any business within Libya except after obtaining a license. This process includes obtaining a Commercial Register certificate, registering with the Chamber of Commerce and the tax and labour departments, and then obtaining a working license. It is reported that in May 2019, the government suspended the licenses of 40 foreign firms, including Alcatel-Lucent (owned by Nokia) and Microsoft, asking for their renewal.

Art. 2.4 of Decision No. 811-2022, a license is required in the event that an audio channel or visual channel, satellite or terrestrial, affiliated with a foreign company or an entity operating outside Libya, as well as its headquarters outside Libya, wishes to open an office, branch, or activity within the Libyan state. The license requires approvals from the Foreign Media Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, approval of the Libyan Intelligence Service, and Security approval, among others. It was reported in September 2022, that, while the decision largely targets television and radio outlets, it could negatively affect the online space as many of those operators maintain an online and social media presence.

Art. 4.3 of the "Regulations for the Specific Approval of Communications Devices and Equipment attached to Resolution No. 985-2022" requires obtaining a permit from the competent authorities for the import, manufacture, assembly or trade of any telecommunications equipment, which should be in accordance with the approved standards and specifications, and in coordination with the concerned security agencies.

Art. 6 of Resolution No. 207-2012, last amended by Art. 2 of Resolution No. 823-2013, establishes a list of activities that only Libyans may carry out and for which, therefore, foreign investment is not allowed even through joint companies. These include import business.

Art. 1 of Resolution No. 388 of 2022 added electrical and electronic devices and equipment to the list of goods prohibited for export pursuant to Resolution No. 359-2021.

Libya does not mandate functional separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecom market. Information about accounting separation is not found.