Trade Secrets Act provides a framework for effective protection of trade secrets. According to Art. 1 of the law, trade secrets are referred to as any method, technology, process, formula, program, design, or other information that may be applied in the course of production, sales, or business operations. And the information shall be protected if and only if it is commercially valuable because of its secrecy and reasonable confidentiality measures have been taken to keep it secret. In addition, according to Art. 15, the protection of trade secrets of foreign nationals is based on the principle of reciprocity. In principle, if a foreign national's home country does not deny protection to the trade secrets of Taiwan nationals, and the foreign national's trade secrets meet the requirements of Taiwan's Trade Secret Act, the foreign national will enjoy the protection of such trade secrets under Taiwan's Trade Secret Act.

Taiwan has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Performances and Phonograms Treaty.

Taiwan has not signed the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

The Copyright Act provides a clear regime of copyright exceptions that follows the fair use model, which enables the lawful use of copyrighted work by others without obtaining permission. Art. 65, as amended in July 2003, lists the acts that shall be noted as the basis for the determination of fair use. In determining whether the exploitation of work complies with the reasonable scope or other conditions of fair use, all circumstances shall be taken into account, and in particular, the following facts shall be noted as the basis for determination: (i) the purposes and nature of the exploitation, including whether such exploitation is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (ii) the nature of the work; (iii) the amount and substantiality of the portion exploited in relation to the work as a whole; (iv) effect of the exploitation on the work's current and potential market value.

It is reported that concerns over Taiwan's notable level of online copyright piracy through illicit streaming devices or illicit Internet Protocol Television services that unlawfully retransmit telecommunications signals and channels containing copyrighted content via dedicated web portals or third-party applications. In light of this, Taiwan recently geared up by amending the Copyright Act so that competent authorities have legal power to prosecute major copyright infringements without complaint. Furthermore, the Taiwan Intellectual Property Alliance (TIPA) signed a voluntary cooperation agreement with the Taipei Association of Advertising Agencies (TAAA) to combat infringing websites.

Taiwan is not a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). However, any applicant from a WTO member that files a patent application in Taiwan based on a PCT application may claim a right of priority if the PCT application is a legal application.

Under Art. 25 of the Patent Act (enacted in 1994), the application form must be filled out in traditional Chinese, including the description, claim(s) and drawing(s). Initially, the description, claim(s) and drawing(s) may be submitted in Arabic, English, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish. A Chinese translation for the said documents must be submitted within a specified time period, or the patent application shall be dismissed. In addition, according to Art. 11 of the Act, an applicant who has no domicile or business establishment in the territory of China shall designate an agent to file patent applications and handle patent-related matters on his/her behalf. Eligible agents shall be limited to patent attorneys, unless otherwise provided for by laws and regulations. Furthermore, non-residents cannot make a payment of any fees directly to Taiwan Intellectual Property Office by any means, whether it be payment by bank account transfer, credit card, or check. The payment has to be made by an appointed representative either residing or domiciled in Taiwan such as a patent attorney.

Under the Statute for Investment by Overseas Chineses, all investment by overseas Chinese companies must be approved by the investment Commission (IC) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Art. 8). Investment under the Statute refers to (a) holding shares issued by a Taiwanese company or contributing to its capital asset, (b) establishing a branch office in Taiwan, or (c) providing loan to the invested enterprise in cases of (a) or (b) for more than one year (Art. 4).
Investment in industries (a) that may threaten national security, public order, good customs and practices, or national health or (b) that are prohibited by the negative list is forbidden under Art. 7 of the Statute. The prohibited industries in the negative list include radio broadcasting and radio television industry.
As opposed to investments in prohibited industries, foreign investment in industries restricted by the law must be approved by the IC under Art. 8 of the Statute. The restricted industries include satellite television broadcasting.

Under Art. 73 of the Act Governing Relations between the People of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area (enacted in 1992), investment activities in the Taiwan Area by any individual, juristic person, organization, or other institution of Mainland China, or any company it invests in any third area is prohibited unless permitted by the competent authorities.
Under Art. 3 of the Measures Governing Investment Permit to the People of Mainland Area (Measures), the invested companies in a third area refer to the individuals, juristic persons, organizations, and other institutions from Mainland China that either (a) directly or indirectly holds the shares issued by a company in a third area or the total contributing amount exceeding 30% or (b) have the controlling power over the companies in a third area. Investment from Mainland China in the aforementioned manner must get approval from the Ministry of Economic Affairs under Article 8 of the Measures. Furthermore, investment that creates (a) economic exclusive occupancy, oligopoly or monopoly, (b) political, social, or cultural sensitivity or impact upon national security, or (c) negative influence upon the national economic development or financial stability is prohibited under Art. 8 of the Measures.

Under the Statute for Investment by Foreign Nationals (enacted in 1954), all foreign investment must be approved by the investment Commission (IC) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Article 8). Investment under the Statute refers to (a) holding shares issued by a Taiwanese company or contributing to its capital asset, (b) establishing a branch office in Taiwan, or (c) providing loan to the invested enterprise in cases of (a) or (b) for more than one year (Art. 4).
Foreign investment in industries that may threaten national security, public order, good customs and practices, or national health as well as investment in industries that are prohibited by the negative list is forbidden under Art. 7 of the Statute. The prohibited industries in the negative list include radio broadcasting and radio television industry.
As opposed to investment in prohibited industries, foreign investment in industries restricted by law must be approved by the IC under Art. 8 of the Statute. The restricted industries include satellite television broadcasting. It is reported that "regulatory and legislative scrutiny of select investments on grounds unrelated to national security contributes to ongoing concerns about the predictability of Taiwan's investment approval procedures."

Art. 4 of the Satellite Broadcasting Act (enacted in 1999) states that foreigners may not own more than 50% of the total shares issued by providers of satellite broadcasting services.

According to Section 7 of the Statute For Investment By Overseas Chinese and Statute For Investment By Foreign Nationals, it is prohibited to invest in industries that may adversely affect national security, public order, good customs and practices or national health, as well as those prohibited by law. According to the Negative List of Overseas Chinese and Foreign National Investment, postal and courier activities are prohibited from foreign investment.

Although Taiwan is a signatory to the WTO Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), its coverage schedules do not include "telecommunications related services" (CPC 754) which is an important service sectors for digital trade.

According to Art. 36 of the Telecommunications Management Act (2020), a foreigner may not own more than 49% of the shares of a facility-based telecommunication company. Furthermore, a foreigner may not own more than 60% of such shares in the sum of direct and indirect shareholding (e.g., by setting up a Taiwanese company). This only applies to Type I telecom enterprises. According to Art. 11 of the Telecommunications Act, telecommunications enterprises are classified into Type I telecommunications enterprises, which install telecommunications line facilities and equipment in order to provide telecommunications services, and Type II telecommunications enterprises, which include all other telecom providers.

Under Art. 43(2) of the Government Procurement Act, a procuring entity may award a contract to a domestic supplier by preference over a foreign supplier if they both submit the lowest tender. Furthermore, under Art. 44 of the Act, a procuring entity may award a contract to a domestic supplier by preference over a foreign supplier which submits the lowest tender if the domestic supplier supplies goods with at least 50% of local content.
In such cases, under Art. 5 of Regulations for the Implementation of Price Preference by Local Suppliers (Regulations on Price Preference), the procuring entity can award the contract to the domestic supplier as long as the bid price from the domestic supplier does not exceed the bid price of the foreign supplier that is multiplied by a preferential rate set by relevant government procurement publications (Art. 4-5 of the Regulations on Price Preference). This essentially functions as a price preference in favor of domestic competitors.This means that such a contract may be awarded to the domestic supplier if its bid price exceeds the lowest amount submitted by the foreign supplier and the price is within the preferential amount (Art. 7 of Regulations on Price Preference). This discriminatory scheme does not apply to foreign suppliers in procurement activities that shall be conducted in accordance with a relevant treaty or agreement (Art. 105 of the Act).