Indonesia is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA). However, the country has been an observer of the WTO GPA since 2012.

According to Presidential Regulation No. 10/2021, the telecommunications sector was liberalised, allowing full foreign ownership of telecommunication service providers and telecommunication towers. However, according to Art. 1.2 and 77 of the State-owned Enterprises Act 19/2003, there is a limit of 49% on the shares that can be acquired by foreign investors in government-controlled firms. This includes foreign participation in state-owned entreprisese (SOEs) in the telecommunication and delivery services sectors, as regulated in Government Regulation No. 15/2013, amended by Government Regulation No. 41/2021.

The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology Regulation No. 6/2017 mandates that any consortium offering Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) must consist of at least two Indonesian entities (Art. 4). Additionally, Art. 6 specifies that foreign investors must adhere to the requirements of Art. 4. Every consortium providing IPTV must obtain approval from the Ministry of Communications and Informatics. The approval request must include details on all company shares held by foreign investors (Art. 25.7 h).

The Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation No. 40/2012 specified 19 positions that are reserved for Indonesian nationality only, ranging from Chief Executive Officer to various directors, managers, and supervisors positions within a company.

Art. 66 of Presidential Regulation No. 16/2018 provides that the ministries, institutions and regional apparatuses are obligated to use domestic products. Procurement of imported goods may be conducted in the event that the goods cannot be produced domestically or that domestic production volume is unable to meet the demand.

Art. 9 of the Government Regulation No. 71/2019 requires that providers of bespoke software must provide or escrow the source codes associated with their service. The requirement applies to Electronic System Providers for public scope. This requirement was already contained in Art. 8 of Government Regulation No. 82/2012, which was repealed by Government Regulation No. 71/2019.

Indonesia is a signatory of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) of 1996, but is not a signatory of its 2015 expansion (ITA II).

Art. 10 of Regulation No. 02/M-IND/PER/1/2014 provides that domestic service suppliers need to be prioritised. To qualify as a domestic service provider, a majority of the shares must be owned by an Indonesian citizen, and two-thirds of the board members must be local. If no domestic service suppliers are participating in the procurement, national service suppliers (with at least 10% of shares belonging to Indonesians) will be taken into consideration. Only when these are also unavailable will foreign service providers be allowed to participate in the procurement process as well (Art. 16.1).

Under Art. 63 of Presidential Regulation No. 16/2018, an International Tender may be conducted if no capable or eligible domestic Economic Operator is available, and:
- The estimated value of goods and other services exceeds Rp 50 billion (approx. USD 4.5 million), or
- The estimated value of consulting services exceeds Rp 25 billion (approx. USD 2.25 million).
Additionally, foreign business entities selected through an International Tender must collaborate with national business entities via a consortium, subcontract, or other forms of cooperation.

As stipulated in Art. 14.18 of the Customs Tariff Act, the imports of goods with a total customs value of JPY 10,000 (approx. USD 67) or less are exempt from customs duties. This amount is below the USD 200 threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).

It is reported that the ".JP" domain name registration framework stipulates the necessity of a local contact address.

The "Act on Specified Commercial Transactions", the "Consumer Contract Act", the "Act on the Protection of Consumers Who Use Digital Platforms for Shopping", together with several other statutes, establish a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that extends to online transactions.

Japan has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Japan has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.