Sweden requires functional separation for operators with significant market power (SMP) in the telecommunications sector. Section 24 of Chapter 5 of the Electronic Communications Act provides that, in exceptional circumstances, the regulatory authority may require a vertically integrated operator, subject to an access obligation, to organisationally separate the activities related to that obligation. This separation must ensure that the activities are managed by an independent business unit. A vertically integrated operator is defined as an entity supplying services to undertakings with which it competes in downstream markets.

The Protective Security Act, which was amended in 2019 to allow Swedish security and intelligence forces to recommend the revocation of operating licenses for firms in sectors important to national security if they are found to pose a security risk, was used in 2020 to ban Huawei and ZTE equipment from being used in the Swedish network. Specifically, the Swedish Post and Telecom Authority (PTS) has told telecommunications operators in Sweden vying for licensing rights at auction that bids including Huawei or ZTE equipment will not be considered, and pre-existing Huawei and ZTE infrastructure would need to be decommissioned by 2025. This effective ban on Huawei and ZTE equipment has been challenged in court, but so far, the decision has been upheld in the Swedish court.

It is reported that the Swedish Post and Telecom Authority (PTS), the executive authority for the supervision and administration of services in the telecommunications sector, is independent from the government in the decision-making process.

In Sweden, according to the Accounting Act (chapter 7 section 2§), documents such as a company’s annual reports, balance sheets and annual financial reports must be physically stored in Sweden for a period of seven years and must be "immediately" made available to the Financial Services Authority for the purposes of market supervision.

Amendments to the Protective Security Act 2018 (PSA) grant the Swedish Government the authority to oversee and potentially block investments that may threaten national security. The Act also empowers Swedish security services and armed forces to conduct security inspections on firms operating in sectors deemed critical to national security and, if necessary, revoke operating licenses if breaches are identified. One of the sectors covered by this legislation is telecommunications. The Act deliberately refrains from providing a detailed definition of "security-sensitive activity". According to Chapter 1, Section 1 of the PSA, security-sensitive activities include (i) activities crucial to Sweden's security or (ii) activities bound by an international protective security commitment that Sweden has undertaken. It is reported that the preparatory works of the PSA suggest that activities within certain sectors may be considered security sensitive, such as essential services related to electronic communications, including operational centres, key interconnection points with equipment for traffic exchange and signalling, and major transmission networks, as well as key civil infrastructure like stations for electronic communications, 5G technologies, and radio and TV.
The PSA has been used by the Swedish security services to ban Huawei from operating in Sweden in 2020, as they deemed the equipment to pose a security risk to the country.

Art. 85 of the Utilities Directive (2014/25/EU) contains provisions allowing contracting public entities to reject foreign goods not covered by any EU international commitments from its tender procedures. In these cases, a tender submitted for the award of a supply contract may be rejected where the proportion of the products originating in third countries exceeds 50% of the total value of the products constituting the tender (Art. 85.2). Additionally, in cases of equivalent offers, the provisions provide for a preference for European tenders and tenders covered by EU's international obligations. In practice, this possibility has rarely been used.
In Sweden, the Directive has been transposed with the Law (2016:1146) on Procurement in the Utilities Sector and the Procurement Regulations.

There are no foreign ownership limitations in sectors relevant for digital trade.

According to Section 9 of the Companies Act, at least 50% of the board of directors of a limited liability company must be European Economic Area (EEA) residents unless granted an exemption by the Swedish Companies Registration Office.

According to Art. 45-3 of the Postal and electronic communications code, ".fr" domains can only be registered by physical persons residing in the territory of an EU member state or legal persons established there.

According to Art. 289A of the General Taxation Code, a person not established in the European Union who is liable for the value-added tax or must fulfil reporting obligations is required to have a taxable representative established in France accredited to the tax office.

The Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU provides an updated framework aimed at encouraging online sales. The Directive has been implemented by Law no. 2004-575 of June 21, 2004 on confidence in the digital economy.

France has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

France has adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.