Paraguay is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA). However, the country has been an observer of the WTO GPA since 2019.

It is reported that the telecommunications sector is open to competition, except for fixed lines and international carrier services, which remain under State monopoly with the "Compañía Paraguaya de Comunicaciones". This is despite full foreign ownership being allowed in the telecommunications sector.

It is reported that, although shareholders of Paraguayan companies may be natural or legal persons regardless of their residence status, directors, managers and legal representatives must be Paraguayan citizens or foreigners with valid residence permits in Paraguay.

According to Art. 8 of Decree No. 14201/2001, which regulates Law No. 1630/2000 on Patents, a patent application must include, inter alia, the name and address of the acting Industrial Property Agent together with their registration number, as well as a simple copy of the power of attorney or instruction document. According to the official website of the National Intellectual Property Directorate (DINAPI), representation by an Industrial Property Agent is mandatory for filing patent applications, and one of the requirements to act as such an agent is to be a lawyer duly registered with the Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay.

According to Art. 60 of the Patent Law, all proceedings before the Industrial Property Directorate must be conducted through an Industrial Property Agent registered with the Directorate and domiciled in the capital. According to the official website of the National Intellectual Property Directorate (DINAPI), one of the requirements for acting as an Industrial Property Agent is to be a lawyer duly registered with the Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay.

Paraguay is not a party to the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).

Paraguay has a copyright regime under the Law No. 1328. However, the exceptions do not follow the fair use or fair dealing model, therefore limiting the lawful use of copyrighted work by others. Arts. 38-46 list exceptions, including reproduction by reprographic means for teaching or examination purposes in educational institutions and reproduction of a work for judicial or administrative proceedings, provided such reproduction is justified by the intended purpose, among others.

It is reported that online copyright enforcement in Paraguay remains inadequate, with persistent challenges related to effective and consistent prosecutions and judicial actions. Paraguay’s National Directorate of Intellectual Property (DINAPI) has publicly identified audiovisual piracy as a major enforcement and market problem, noting that the illegal retransmission of football matches and other protected audiovisual content is estimated to generate losses of around USD 100 million per year.

Paraguay has ratified the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Copyright Treaty.

Panama has signed but not ratified the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Panama has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

Pursuant to Art. 11(b) of Resolution No. 049/2025 de minimis threshold, that is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties, is PAB 100 (approx. USD 100), below the 200 USD threshold recommended by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).

Law No. 45 and Executive Decree No. 24 provide a comprehensive framework for consumer protection that also applies to online transactions. Law No. 45 regulates consumer relations and specifies consumer rights, including suppliers' responsibilities to consumers. Executive Decree No. 24 also provides provisions applicable to technological storage services and commercial services through the Internet.

Under Art. 5 of Law No. 81/2019, the transfer of personal data of a confidential, sensitive or restricted nature by the company responsible for the database or its custodian shall be permitted, provided that the company and/or its country of residence provide a level of protection comparable to that of Law No. 81; or if the transferring entity takes all necessary steps to ensure that the data will be protected in a manner consistent with the Law No. 81 through contracts, codes of conduct or applicable international standards. Art. 5 lists the following exemptions: when the data subject has given their consent; in the case of bank, money, stock market or securities transfers; when the transfer of the information is required by law or in order to comply with international treaties ratified by the Republic of Panama; and when the transfer is necessary for the conclusion or execution of a contract concluded or to be celebrated by the interested party or in their interest.

Panama has committed to covering cross-border data flow in the Free Trade Agreement between the United Mexican States and the Republic of Panama (Art. 14.10).