Eritrea has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Eritrea has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.

According to Art. 4 of the Proclamation No. 173 of 2013, and Arts. 33-36 of the Proclamation No. 32 of 1993, all payment in the country are required to be in local currency, therefore requiring foreign firms to use local currency and payment methods in local currency.

It is reported that Eritrea’s legislation rigorously regulates capital flows, including the payment for the importation of goods and currency exchange, which results in a significant challenge for organisations in Eritrea to transfer foreign currency into or out of the country and to settle essential overseas bills. The National Bank of Eritrea is responsible for approving and managing all fund transfers into and out of the country, and has the authority to disapprove a transfer. Furthermore, local funds are not freely convertible to any world currency. The exchange rate is determined by the government and does not fluctuate. In addition, it has been alleged that the government is in breach of Article VIII of the International Monetary Fund (IMP) with regard to restrictions on payments and transfers for international transactions.

Eritrea does not implement any de minimis threshold, which is the minimum value of goods below which customs do not charge duties.

Eritrea does not have any legal provision regarding the consumer protection that is applicable to online commerce.

Eritrea has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Eritrea lacks a comprehensive legal framework for data protection.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability for copyright infringement is absent in Eritrea's law and jurisprudence.

A basic legal framework on intermediary liability beyond copyright infringement is absent in Eritrea's law and jurisprudence.

It is reported that Eritrea imposes an identity requirement for SIM registration. Anyone wanting to purchase a SIM card has to provide their national ID card, or a passport in case of foreigners, to activate a new prepaid SIM card.

It is reported that the authorities regularly block access to social media platforms and shutter internet cafés.

The indicator "6.2.4 - Government Internet shut down in practice" of the V-Dem Dataset, which measures whether the government has the technical capacity to actively make internet service cease, thus interrupting domestic access to the internet or whether the government has decided to do so, has a score of 1 in Eritrea. This corresponds to "The government shut down domestic access to the Internet numerous times this year."

According to Art. 5.2 of the Investment Proclamation No. 59/1994, foreign investment in domestic retail and wholesale trade, import, and commission agency is limited. The Government set a precondition of having a bilateral agreement of reciprocity with the country of the investor or if the Eritrean government waives this precondition. As a result, it is reported that the government strictly controls all imports and exports severely limiting foreign investment.

Art. 34 of the Communication Proclamation No. 102/1998 declares that the possession, establishment, and use of radio equipment or a system with interworking radio equipment is provided only by the Communications Department of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications.