It is reported that stakeholders emphasise substantial delays in the processing of patent applications, averaging seven to eight years. It is further reported that the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) operates with a limited number of patent examiners, with resource constraints posing significant challenges to recruitment and retention.

Argentina is not a signatory of the 1996 World Trade Organization (WTO) Information Technology Agreement (ITA) nor the 2015 expansion (ITA II).

In April 2009, the Argentine authorities decided to impose a definitive anti-dumping duty under Resolution No. 106/2009 on imports of electrical connection terminals (HS codes 8536.1000, 8536.5090 and 8536.9090) from China and Germany. This measure was reviewed and extended in September 2015 and subsequently in July 2021 for a period of five years. The rate of duty on imports from China is 208% of the FOB price. The duty rate on imports from Germany is 138% of the FOB price for a period of 5 years.

Under Art. 26(b)(1)–(2) of Decree No. 1,023 of 2001 and Art. 13 of Decree No. 1,030 of 2016, national tenders are restricted to suppliers domiciled or headquartered in Argentina, including foreign companies operating through a duly registered Argentine branch. Suppliers established abroad without a registered branch in Argentina may participate only in international tenders.
A procurement procedure is classified as international where the nature of the subject matter or the complexity of the procurement justifies extending the call to suppliers established abroad. The legislation does not prescribe a monetary threshold or any other automatic criterion requiring the use of international competition.

According to Art. 12 of Law No. 27,328, tender documents and other contractual documentation for public-private partnership contracts must require the goods and services supplied in the execution of the project to contain at least 33% national content. Under Decree No. 118 of 2017, the national component comprises qualifying national goods and services supplied by national enterprises, namely enterprises registered and effectively operating in Argentina whose administrative body is predominantly domiciled in the country. The Executive may exceptionally limit or waive the requirement for a particular project through a reasoned decision.

Argentina gives preference to MSMEs in public procurement procedures through the Compremipyme Programme. Under Art. 39 of Law No. 25.300, establishing the Programme, the jurisdictions and entities of the national public sector should apply a 5% preference right to tenders from MSMEs supplying goods or services produced in the country for purposes of comparing them with the best tender and awarding the goods or services contract to such enterprises. The Programme also stipulates a minimum preference rate of 10% in tenders or bids for the procurement of goods and services in which only MSMEs are competing. Furthermore, Art. 40 authorises the Executive to consider partial bids in order to facilitate and increase the participation of MSMEs in tenders and bids for the procurement of goods and services in quantities in line with their scale of production.

Argentina is not a party to the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA). However, the country has been an observer of the WTO GPA since 1997.

Arts. 2 and 3 of Law No. 25.750 stipulate that foreign equity ownership in digital content producers and Internet service providers may not exceed 30%. This limit may be exceeded in the event of a reciprocity agreement. There is no definition of digital content producers in the law. In addition, Art. 13 of Law No. 27.078 provides that ENACOM (Ente Nacional de Comunicaciones, National Communications Entity) must approve any proposed changes to shareholdings or partnership interests in companies in this sector if such changes would affect the control of the company.

Art. 7 of Act No. 26.092 stipulates that 98% of the shareholding in the Argentine Company of Satellite Solutions (ARSAT) shall be allocated to the Ministry of Federal Planning, Public Investment and Services, while the remaining 2% shall correspond to the Ministry of Economy and Production. Pursuant to Art. 7 of the Annex, Class A shares shall be held by the national government, and these shares may not be transferred except with the authorisation of a statute enacted by Congress, as they embody the State’s controlling interest. Consequently, 51% of the shares are designated as Class A and are State-owned, whereas the remainder could, in principle, be admitted to public trading. Reports indicate that ARSAT intends to undertake a public offering of shares to divest 49% of the company’s equity to the private sector; however, as of 2025, this has not yet materialised.

According to Art. 256 of the Corporations Law, the majority of the board members of all companies must be residents of Argentina. In addition, all directors must establish a special domicile for the purposes of notification.

Art. 3 of the "Law on Patents for Inventions and Utility Models" stipulates that the industrial property rights governed by this legislation may be acquired by natural or legal persons, whether domestic or foreign, provided they possess either an actual or a registered domicile within the country. In addition, Art. 69 prescribes that, in all applications, the applicant is required to establish a legal domicile within the national territory and to notify the National Patent Administration of any subsequent changes thereto.

Venezuela has not signed the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts.

Venezuela has adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Commerce.

Venezuela has not adopted national legislation based on or influenced by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Electronic Signatures.